1935 Turkish census

On 20 October 1935, a census was made in 57 provinces, 356 districts, 34.876 villages. Turkey's population was defined as 16,188,767. It was determined that 7,936,770 of the population was male (48.1%) and 8,221,248 (50.9%) were female.[1][2][3]

Census in Turkey
YearPop.±%
1927 13,649,945—    
16,188,767+18.6%
1940 17,820,950+10.1%
1945 18,790,174+5.4%
1950 20,947,188+11.5%
1955 24,064,763+14.9%
1960 27,754,820+15.3%
1965 31,391,421+13.1%
1970 35,605,176+13.4%
1975 40,347,719+13.3%
1980 44,736,957+10.9%
1985 50,664,458+13.2%
1990 56,473,035+11.5%
2000 67,803,927+20.1%
2007 70,586,256+4.1%
2008 71,517,100+1.3%
2009 72,561,312+1.5%
2010 73,722,988+1.6%
2011 74,724,269+1.4%
2012 75,627,384+1.2%
2013 76,667,864+1.4%
2014 77,695,904+1.3%
2015 78,741,053+1.3%
2016 79,814,871+1.4%
2017 80,810,525+1.2%
2018 82,003,882+1.5%
2019 83,154,997+1.4%
2020 83,614,362+0.6%
2021 84,680,273+1.3%
2022 85,279,553+0.7%

Populations of the provinces

Provinces Population
İstanbul 877.106
İzmir 594.560
Konya 539.257
Ankara 538.669
Balıkesir 495.451
Bursa 442.157
Sivas 435.629
Manisa 424.624
Malatya 412.025
Erzurum 386.477
Seyhan (Adana) 386.302
Kastamonu 361.728
Trabzon 359.796
Kütahya 342.780
Samsun 337.345
Kocaeli 334.973
Zonguldak 320.703
Kayseri 312.469
Tokat 310.152
Kars 304.244
Afyon 299.619
Çorum 286.751
Denizli 284.714
Gaziantep 283.464
Ordu 283.319
Çoruh (Artvin) 270.688
Yozgat 261.661
Aydın 260.709
Giresun 259.673
Elaziz 253.141
Niğde 247.436
Bolu 247.176
İçel 246.393
Antalya 241.210
Urfa 229.194
Mardin 226.020
Çanakkale 223.214
Diyarbakır 214.871
Sinop 203.648
Muğla 197.118
Tekirdağ 195.043
Maraş 189.699
Edirne 186.214
Eskişehir 182.961
Çankırı 177.731
Kırklareli 172.144
Gümüşhane 169.304
Isparta 166.646
Erzincan 152.933
Muş 157.503
Kırşehir 145.684
Van 142.672
Amasya 128.492
Siirt 127.870
Bilecik 125.417
Burdur 95.855
Ağrı 93.351
Total 16.188.767

Religious affiliation

Religious group Population
Number %
Total 16 158 018 100.00
Muslim 15 838 673 98.02
Greek Orthodox 125 046[4] 0.77
Armenian Orthodox 44 526[4] 0.35
Armenian Catholics 11 229[4]
Roman Catholics 32 155[4] 0.20
Protestants 8 486[5] 0.05
Jewish 78 730[6] 0.49
Other religions 12 965
Irreligious 559

Language

The census questioned the language spoken at home.[1]

Language Population
Number %
Turkish 13 899 073 86,02
Kurdish 1 480 246 9,16
Arabic 153 687 0,95
Greek 108 725 0,67
Circassian 91 972 0,57
Laz 63 253 0,39
Armenian 57 599 0,36
Georgian 57 325 0,36
Ladino 42 607 0,27
Pomak 32 661 0,20
Bosnian 24 613 0,15
Albanian 22 754 0,14
Bulgarian 18 245 0,11
Tatar 15 615 0,10
Spanish 14 242 0,09
Abaza 10 099 0,06
Romani 7 855 0,05
French 5 381 0,03
German 5 047 0,03
Russian 4 810 0,03
Italian 4 633 0,03
Serbian 4 369 0,03
Persian 2 053 0,01
English 1 482 0,01
Hungarian 885 0,01
Romanian 699
Polish 494
Czechoslovak 200
Flemish 130
Swedish 114
Croatian 83
Others 12 466 0,08
Unknown 14 033 0,09
Total 16 157 450 100

Maps of provinces in Turkey by percentage of spoken first language

Source:[7]

References

  1. ^ a b "1935 Genel Nüfus Sayımı" [General Census of 1935] (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Statistical Institute. 1935. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2024. Retrieved 6 April 2025.
  2. ^ Erdem, Ufuk (2016). "The Second Census of Turkey of Republican Period (20 October 1935)" (PDF). Black Sea. 8 (30). ISSN 1308-6200. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-10-21. Retrieved 2021-01-14.
  3. ^ Doğan Çolak (2012). "Türkiye'de Diller ve Etnik Gruplar" [Languages and Ethnic Groups in Turkey]. Dergipark (in Turkish). Dil Araştırmaları. Archived from the original on 29 August 2024. Retrieved 6 April 2025.
  4. ^ a b c d Yust, Walter, ed. (1950). "Turkey". Britannica Book of the Year. London, UK: Encyclopaedia Britannica Ltd. p. 632.
  5. ^ Yust, Walter, ed. (1950). "Turkey". Britannica Book of the Year. London, UK: Encyclopaedia Britannica Ltd. pp. 632–633.
  6. ^ Yust, Walter, ed. (1950). "Turkey". Britannica Book of the Year. London, UK: Encyclopaedia Britannica Ltd. p. 633.
  7. ^ Dündar, Fuat (1999). Türkiye Nüfus Sayımlarında Azınlıklar [Minorities in Turkish Censuses]. Istanbul: Çiviyazıları. ISBN 975-8086-77-4.
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