Hold (title)

Anglo-Saxon status
A king and his witan
Cyning (sovereign)
Ætheling (prince)
Ealdorman (Earl)
/ High-reeve
Thegn
Thingmen / housecarl (retainer)
Reeve / Verderer (bailiff)
Churl (free tenant)
Villein (serf)
Cottar (cottager)
Þēow (slave)

Hold (or Hauld) was a title of nobility, used in early medieval Scandinavia and the English Danelaw.

History

Holds were described as "noblemen of exalted rank" in Viking Northumbria by Frank Stenton, with a wergild of 4000 thrymsas, equivalent to a king's high-reeve.[1] Hold is described as a title just below the earl in Oxford Dictionary of Surnames.

References

  1. ^ Stenton, Frank M. (1971). Anglo-Saxon England (3rd ed.). Clarendon Press. p. 509. ISBN 978-0-19-280139-5.
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