Leucophaeus

Leucophaeus
	Franklin's gull
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Charadriiformes
Family:	Laridae
Genus:	; Bruch, 1855
Type species
	Larus haematorhynchus; King, 1828
Species
	5, see list

Leucophaeus is a small genus of medium-sized New World gulls, most of which are dark in plumage, usually with white crescents above and below the eyes. They were placed in the genus Larus until recently.^[2] The genus name Leucophaeus is from Ancient Greek leukos, "white", and phaios, "dusky".^[3]

Species

Genus *Leucophaeus* – Bruch, 1855 – five species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Dolphin gull	Leucophaeus scoresbii (Traill, 1823)	coasts of Chile, Argentina, and the Falkland Islands	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Grey gull	Leucophaeus modestus (Tschudi, 1843)	Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Chile,	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Lava gull	Leucophaeus fuliginosus (Gould, 1841)	Galapagos Islands	Size: Habitat: Diet:	VU
Laughing gull	Leucophaeus atricilla (Linnaeus, 1758) Two subspecies L. a. megalopterus (Bruch, 1855) L. a. atricilla (Linnaeus, 1758)	the Atlantic coast of North America, the Caribbean, and northern South America	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Franklin's gull	Leucophaeus pipixcan (Wagler, 1831)	Argentina, the Caribbean, Chile, Peru, and Canada	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC

References

^ "Laridae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
^ Pons J.M.; Hassanin, A.; Crochet P.A. (2005). "Phylogenetic relationships within the Laridae (Charadriiformes: Aves) inferred from mitochondrial markers" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution. 37 (3): 686–699. Bibcode:2005MolPE..37..686P. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.05.011. PMID 16054399. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-09. Retrieved 2015-05-12.
^ Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 224. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.

[HM4-1] "Laridae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-26.

[2] Pons J.M.; Hassanin, A.; Crochet P.A. (2005). "Phylogenetic relationships within the Laridae (Charadriiformes: Aves) inferred from mitochondrial markers" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution. 37 (3): 686–699. Bibcode:2005MolPE..37..686P. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.05.011. PMID 16054399. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-09. Retrieved 2015-05-12.

[job-3] Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 224. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.

[1]

[2]

[3]

Gulls (subfamily: Larinae)
Genus	Species († indicates a species confirmed to be extinct)
Larus	Pacific gull Belcher's gull Olrog's gull Black-tailed gull Heermann's gull Common gull Short-billed gull Ring-billed gull California gull Great black-backed gull Kelp gull (or Cape gull) Glaucous-winged gull Western gull Yellow-footed gull Glaucous gull Iceland gull Thayer's gull European herring gull American herring gull Yellow-legged gull Caspian gull Vega gull (or East Siberian gull) Mongolian gull Armenian gull Slaty-backed gull Lesser black-backed gull Heuglin's gull
Ichthyaetus	White-eyed gull Sooty gull Great black-headed gull (or Pallas's gull) Audouin's gull Mediterranean gull Relict gull
	Dolphin gull Laughing gull Franklin's gull Lava gull Grey gull
Chroicocephalus	Silver gull Red-billed gull Huahine gull † Hartlaub's gull Brown-hooded gull Grey-headed gull (or grey-hooded gull) Andean gull Black-billed gull Brown-headed gull Black-headed gull Slender-billed gull Bonaparte's gull Saunders's gull
Hydrocoloeus	Little gull
Rhodostethia	Ross's gull
Rissa	Black-legged kittiwake Red-legged kittiwake
Pagophila	Ivory gull
Xema	Sabine's gull
Creagrus	Swallow-tailed gull
Gull eggs as food Hybridisation in gulls