Local government areas of Western Australia

Map of local government areas in Western Australia

There are 137 local government areas (LGAs) in Western Australia,[1] which comprise 27 cities, 102 shires, and 8 towns that manage their own affairs to the extent permitted by the Local Government Act 1995.[2] The Local Government Act 1995 also makes provision for regional local governments (referred to as "regional councils", established by two or more local governments for a particular purpose.[3]

There are three classifications of local government in Western Australia:

The Shire of Christmas Island and the Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands are federal external territories and covered by the Indian Ocean Territories Administration of Laws Act, which allows the Western Australian Local Government Act to apply "on-island" as though it were a Commonwealth act. Nonetheless, Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands are not parts of Western Australia.

The most recent local government elections were held in 2023.

History

Map of local government areas in 1933

Land was originally granted in the Swan River Colony under regulations which allowed for land commissioners to assess a tax on private allotments to fund the construction and maintenance of "roads, paths and plantations".[4] As the Colony began to develop, the first form of local government was established in some areas under the Towns Improvement Act of 1838.[5] These trusts were empowered to elect ratepayers as Trustees and assess and collect a property tax for the construction of roads. Many of these town trusts, including the Perth Town Trust, experienced severe administrative and financial difficulties, and in some cases barely functioned at all. The Guildford Town Trust lasted only a couple of years before ceasing to function until it was reconstituted in 1863.[6]

The District Roads Act and Municipal Institutions Act, both of 1871 improved matters by allowing for the establishment of Roads Boards and Municipal Corporations.[7] Municipal Corporations had the capacity to levy property taxes, pass municipal by-laws and undertake various local regulatory services previously carried out by colonial officials and other central bodies. Corporations could also establish civic institutions and facilities with the governors' consent, including libraries and botanical gardens.[6] Road Boards where strictly limited to the construction of roads, could not levy property taxes and depended on colonial government grants for any expenditures.

Women were permitted to be elected to Road Boards from 1911 and to Municipal Corporations from 1919.[8] The influence of town clerk W.E. Bold and the Greater Perth Movement around this time led to the amalgamation of inner city local governments to create a greatly expanded City of Perth until 1993, when the City was broken up once again.

The first local government department was established by the state in 1949 to guide local government authorities.[9] Following the war local governments increasingly expanded their services from property, health and local infrastructure (roads, drainage) to community and social services. This was termed the “New Order” at the time, and encompassed the development of community centres, infant health clinics and sporting facilities.

Only a few cities – Fremantle, Nedlands, Perth, South Perth, and Subiaco – existed prior to 1961. On 1 July 1961, all road districts became shires, and all municipalities became towns or cities. This structure has continued till the present day.

In the 1970s, the scope of local government services expanded to encompass the provision of nursing homes and other forms of aged care.

During the late 1980s, and early 1990s a bi-partisan reform process led to the Local Government Act 1995, which amongst other changes, established for the first time a clear separation of responsibility between elected councillors and local government administration. Other key changes included a significant reduction in the number of decisions requiring ministerial approval which allowed for streamlined decision-making and greater local government autonomy.

Although successive state governments have periodically promoted municipal amalgamation, only a small number of local governments have merged over the course of Western Australia's history. Historically most local governments have strongly resisted forced amalgamations[10] and the total number of authorities has declined only marginally over the last century. The most recent state government led effort to encourage the voluntary amalgamation of 30 metropolitan local governments into 16 was abandoned by the Barnett government in 2014.[11]

In 2017, the McGowan government initiated a review process to reform the Local Government Act 1995.[12]

Metropolitan LGAs

Further information: Perth metropolitan region § Subregions and local government areas

The 30 metropolitan local government areas (LGAs) comprise 20 cities, 3 shires, and 7 towns.

Local government area Council seat[13] Year est. Land area[14] Population density (km²)(2022) Population[15] Notes
km² sq mi 2021 2022
Armadale, City of Armadale 1894 560 216 180 97,650 100,737 Armadale-Kelmscott until 1979
Bassendean, Town of Bassendean 1901 10 4 1,605 16,505 16,601 West Guildford until 1922
Bayswater, City of Morley 1897 35 14 2,084 71,796 72,145
Belmont, City of Cloverdale 1898 40 15 1,111 43,873 44,258
Cambridge, Town of Floreat 1994 22 8 1,372 29,836 30,116 Restructuring of Perth
Canning, City of Cannington 1907 65 25 1,534 99,351 99,510 Placed under control of a Commissioner in 2012
Claremont, Town of Claremont 1898 5 2 2,364 11,645 11,715
Cockburn, City of Spearwood 1871 168 65 745 122,211 125,031 Fremantle RD until 1959
Cottesloe, Town of Cottesloe 1895 3.9 2 2,152 8,246 8,297
East Fremantle, Town of East Fremantle 1897 3.1 1 2,568 8,065 8,060
Fremantle, City of Fremantle 1871 19 7 1,748 33,109 33,711
Gosnells, City of Gosnells 1907 127 49 1,044 131,381 132,845
Joondalup, City of Joondalup 1998 99 38 1,673 165,075 165,512 Restructuring of Wanneroo
Kalamunda, City of Kalamunda 1897 324 125 189 60,803 61,229 Governed by a Commissioner until 1961
Kwinana, City of Kwinana Town Centre 1954 120 46 412 47,658 49,457
Melville, City of Booragoon[16] 1900 53 20 2,031 106,845 107,311
Mosman Park, Town of Mosman Park 1899 4.3 2 2205 9,482 9,585 Split from Peppermint Grove RD. Buckland Hill RD 1899–1908, 1930–1937; Cottesloe Beach RD 1908–1930
Mundaring, Shire of Mundaring 1903 643 248 61 40,541 40,506 Greenmount until 1932
Nedlands, City of Nedlands 1893 20 8 1,170 22,984 22,977 Claremont RD until 1932
Peppermint Grove, Shire of Peppermint Grove 1895 1.1 0 1,540 1,639 1,644
Perth, City of Perth 1856 14 5 2,211 29,667 30,364
Rockingham, City of Rockingham 1897 258 100 558 140,595 143,560
Serpentine–Jarrahdale, Shire of Mundijong 1894 901 348 39 33,346 34,770
South Perth, City of South Perth 1892 19.8 8 2,277 44,982 45,106
Stirling, City of Stirling 1871 105 41 2,252 234,380 235,845 Shire of Perth until 1971
Subiaco, City of Subiaco 1896 5.6 2 3,198 17,914 17,967
Swan, City of Midland 1871 1,043 403 157 158,691 163,699
Victoria Park, Town of Victoria Park 1994 18 7 2,153 38,312 38,361 Restructuring of Perth
Vincent, City of Leederville 1994 11 4 3695 37,865 38,433 Restructuring of Perth
Wanneroo, City of Wanneroo 1902 683.3 264 323 216,450 220,932

Non-metropolitan LGAs

The 107 non-metropolitan local government areas (LGAs) comprise 7 cities, 99 shires, and 1 town.

The Shire of Christmas Island and the Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands are also included for comparison purposes.

Local government area Council seat[13] Region Year est. Land area[14] Population
[15] 		Website Notes
km² sq mi (2021) (2022)
Albany, City of Albany Great Southern 1998 4,308.5 1,664 40,115 40,434 albany.wa.gov.au Formerly:
Town of Albany (1871)
Shire of Albany (1871)
Ashburton, Shire of Tom Price Pilbara 1972 100,817 38,926 7,785 7,832 ashburton.wa.gov.au West Pilbara until 1987. Formerly:
Shire of Ashburton (1887)
Shire of Tableland (1896)
Augusta–Margaret River, Shire of Margaret River South West 1891 2,122 819 17,298 17,889 amrsc.wa.gov.au Augusta until 1926
Beverley, Shire of Beverley Wheatbelt 1871 2,371 915 1,735 1,738 beverley.wa.gov.au
Boddington, Shire of Boddington Peel 1903 1,905 736 1,759 1,758 boddington.wa.gov.au Marradong until 1961
Boyup Brook, Shire of Boyup Brook South West 1896 2,827 1,092 1,874 1,938 boyupbrook.wa.gov.au Upper Blackwood until 1969
Bridgetown–Greenbushes, Shire of Bridgetown South West 1970 1,337 516 5,376 5,527 bridgetown.wa.gov.au Amalgamation of:
Nelson RD (1887–1917), Bridgetown RD (1917–1961), Shire of Bridgetown (1961–1970);
Greenbushes RD (1900–1961), Shire of Greenbushes (1961–1970)
Brookton, Shire of Brookton Wheatbelt 1906 1,601 618 961 955 brookton.wa.gov.au
Broome, Shire of Broome Kimberley 1918 54,402 21,005 18,209 18,361 broome.wa.gov.au
Broomehill–Tambellup, Shire of Tambellup Great Southern 2007 2,610 1,008 1,089 1,093 shirebt.wa.gov.au Formerly:
Shire of Broomehill (1892)
Shire of Tambellup (1905)
Bruce Rock, Shire of Bruce Rock Wheatbelt 1913 2,725 1,052 1,016 1,019 brucerock.wa.gov.au East Avon until 1918
Bunbury, City of Bunbury South West 1871 64 25 34,148 34,396 bunbury.wa.gov.au City in 1979
Busselton, City of Busselton South West 1951 1,454 561 42,006 42,888 busselton.wa.gov.au Amalgamation of Municipality and RD (both 1871)
City in 2012
Capel, Shire of Capel South West 1894 558 215 18,780 19,021 capel.wa.gov.au Bunbury RD until 1907
Carnamah, Shire of Carnamah Mid West 1923 2,871 1,108 573 572 carnamah.wa.gov.au Split from Irwin and Mingenew
Carnarvon, Shire of Carnarvon Gascoyne 1911 46,675 18,021 5,526 5,531 carnarvon.wa.gov.au Formerly:
Town of Carnarvon (1891–1965)
Lower Gascoyne RD (1887–1911)
Minilya RD (1893–1911)
Gascoyne–Minilya RD and Shire (1911–1965)
Chapman Valley, Shire of Nabawa Mid West 1901 3,981 1,537 1,613 1,649 chapmanvalley.wa.gov.au Upper Chapman until 1958
Chittering, Shire of Bindoon Wheatbelt 1896 1,220 471 6,100 6,301 chittering.wa.gov.au
Christmas Island, Shire of Christmas Island AIOT 1992 136 53 1,716 1,782[17] shire.gov.cx Federal external territory.
Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Shire of Home Island AIOT 1992 14 5 602 614[17] shire.cc

Federal external territory.

Collie, Shire of Collie South West 1951 1,710 660 9,088 9,147 collie.wa.gov.au Amalgamation of Municipality (1901) and RD (1900)
Coolgardie, Shire of Coolgardie Goldfields 1921 30,298 11,698 3,638 3,642 coolgardie.wa.gov.au Amalgamation of Municipality (1894) and RD (1896)
Coorow, Shire of Coorow Mid West 1962 4,190 1,618 1,091 1,091 coorow.wa.gov.au Split from Carnamah
Corrigin, Shire of Corrigin Wheatbelt 1913 2,681 1,035 1,028 1,022 corrigin.wa.gov.au
Cranbrook, Shire of Cranbrook Great Southern 1926 3,276 1,265 1,137 1,141 cranbrook.wa.gov.au
Cuballing, Shire of Cuballing Wheatbelt 1902 1,195 461 927 931 cuballing.wa.gov.au
Cue, Shire of Cue Mid West 1912 13,582 5,244 228 230 cue.wa.gov.au Amalgamation of Day Dawn M. (1894) and Cue RD (1895)
Cunderdin, Shire of Cunderdin Wheatbelt 1894 1,862 719 1,342 1,342 cunderdin.wa.gov.au Split from Northam, named Meckering until 1944
Dalwallinu, Shire of Dalwallinu Wheatbelt 1916 7,224 2,789 1,436 1,429 dalwallinu.wa.gov.au
Dandaragan, Shire of Jurien Bay Wheatbelt 1890 6,712 2,592 3,473 3,559 dandaragan.wa.gov.au
Dardanup, Shire of Eaton South West 1894 526 203 15,199 15,373 dardanup.wa.gov.au
Denmark, Shire of Denmark Great Southern 1911 1,860 718 6,467 6,534 denmark.wa.gov.au
Derby–West Kimberley, Shire of Derby Kimberley 1884 119,731 46,228 8,414 8,411 sdwk.wa.gov.au West Kimberley until 1983
Donnybrook–Balingup, Shire of Donnybrook South West 1970 1,560 602 6,312 6,400 donnybrook-balingup.wa.gov.au Formerly:
Shire of Donnybrook, Preston RD until 1961 (1896)
Shire of Balingup, Upper Capel RD until 1905 (1899)
Dowerin, Shire of Dowerin Wheatbelt 1911 1,863 719 733 732 dowerin.wa.gov.au
Dumbleyung, Shire of Dumbleyung Wheatbelt 1909 2,539 980 699 693 dumbleyung.wa.gov.au]
Dundas, Shire of Norseman Goldfields 1929 92,886 35,863 699 697 dundas.wa.gov.au
East Pilbara, Shire of Newman Pilbara 1972 372,296 143,744 10,377 10,307 eastpilbara.wa.gov.au Formerly:
Shire of Marble Bar (1896)
Shire of Nullagine (1898)
Esperance, Shire of Esperance Goldfields 1895 44,798 17,297 14,398 14,500 esperance.wa.gov.au Absorbed municipality (1895–1908)
Exmouth, Shire of Exmouth Gascoyne 1964 6,488 2,505 3,205 3,313 exmouth.wa.gov.au
Gingin, Shire of Gingin Wheatbelt 1893 3,208 1,239 5,751 5,892 gingin.wa.gov.au Absorbed municipality (1893–1903)
Gnowangerup, Shire of Gnowangerup Great Southern 1912 4,265 1,647 1,260 1,262 gnowangerup.wa.gov.au
Goomalling, Shire of Goomalling Wheatbelt 1927 1,835 708 985 985 goomalling.wa.gov.au
Greater Geraldton, City of Geraldton Mid West 2011 9,909 3,826 41,198 41,514 cgg.wa.gov.au Formerly:
City of Geraldton (1871–2007)
Shire of Greenough (1951–2007)
Shire of Mullewa (1911–2011)
Halls Creek, Shire of Halls Creek Kimberley 1887 133,046 51,369 4,041 4,102 hcshire.wa.gov.au Kimberley Goldfields until 1915
Harvey, Shire of Harvey South West 1894 1,728 667 29,631 30,141 harvey.wa.gov.au
Irwin, Shire of Dongara Mid West 1871 2,369 915 3,771 3,795 irwin.wa.gov.au
Jerramungup, Shire of Jerramungup Great Southern 1982 6,511 2,514 1,196 1,196 jerramungup.wa.gov.au Split from Gnowangerup
Kalgoorlie–Boulder, City of Kalgoorlie Goldfields 1989 95,500 36,873 30,674 30,697 kalbould.wa.gov.au Formerly:
Town of Kalgoorlie (1897–1989)
Shire of Boulder (1969–1989)
Karratha, City of Karratha Pilbara 1887 15,238 5,883 23,421 23,778 karratha.wa.gov.au Absorbed Roebourne and Cossack municipalities in 1910, was known as Shire of Roebourne until 2014
Katanning, Shire of Katanning Great Southern 1892 1,518 586 4,226 4,233 katanning.wa.gov.au
Kellerberrin, Shire of Kellerberrin Wheatbelt 1908 1,915 739 1,178 1,178 kellerberrin.wa.gov.au
Kent, Shire of Nyabing Great Southern 1922 5,625 2,172 506 506 kent.wa.gov.au Nyabing–Pingrup 1955–1972
Kojonup, Shire of Kojonup Great Southern 1871 2,931 1,132 1,965 1,972 kojonup.wa.gov.au
Kondinin, Shire of Kondinin Wheatbelt 1925 7,441 2,873 872 866 kondinin.wa.gov.au
Koorda, Shire of Koorda Wheatbelt 1927 2,832 1,093 373 373 koorda.wa.gov.au
Kulin, Shire of Kulin Wheatbelt 1918 4,719 1,822 791 784 kulin.wa.gov.au Roe until 1926
Lake Grace, Shire of Lake Grace Wheatbelt 1922 11,886 4,589 1,300 1,290 lakegrace.wa.gov.au
Laverton, Shire of Laverton Goldfields 1906 179,994 69,496 1,432 1,433 laverton.wa.gov.au Mount Margaret until 1950, absorbed Mount Morgans M (1900–1913)
Leonora, Shire of Leonora Goldfields 1912 31,915 12,322 1,717 1,720 leonora.wa.gov.au
Mandurah, City of Mandurah Peel 1949 175 68 93,414 95,509 mandurah.wa.gov.au City in 1990
Manjimup, Shire of Manjimup South West 1908 7,030 2,714 9,351 9,416 manjimup.wa.gov.au Warren until 1925
Meekatharra, Shire of Meekatharra Mid West 1909 100,189 38,683 1,287 1,293 meekashire.wa.gov.au
Menzies, Shire of Menzies Goldfields 1912 124,115 47,921 569 570 menzies.wa.gov.au
Merredin, Shire of Merredin Wheatbelt 1921 3,294 1,272 3,221 3,228 merredin.wa.gov.au
Mingenew, Shire of Mingenew Mid West 1901 1,935 747 423 423 mingenew.wa.gov.au Upper Irwin until 1919
Moora, Shire of Moora Wheatbelt 1908 3,763 1,453 2,384 2,371 moora.wa.gov.au Split from Victoria Plains
Morawa, Shire of Morawa Mid West 1928 3,511 1,356 669 668 morawa.wa.gov.au Split from Perenjori–Morawa RD
Mount Magnet, Shire of Mount Magnet Mid West 1901 13,858 5,351 698 701 mtmagnet.wa.gov.au Absorbed municipality (1896–1901)
Mount Marshall, Shire of Bencubbin Wheatbelt 1923 10,185 3,932 467 463 mtmarshall.wa.gov.au
Mukinbudin, Shire of Mukinbudin Wheatbelt 1933 3,427 1,323 593 587 mukinbudin.wa.gov.au
Murchison, Shire of Murchison Mid West 1875 45,046 17,392 108 108 murchison.wa.gov.au
Murray, Shire of Pinjarra Peel 1887 1,706 659 18,641 19,104 murray.wa.gov.au
Nannup, Shire of Nannup South West 1890 3,054 1,179 1,574 1,586 nannup.wa.gov.au Lower Blackwood until 1925
Narembeen, Shire of Narembeen Wheatbelt 1925 3,809 1,471 820 821 narembeen.wa.gov.au
Narrogin, Shire of Narrogin Wheatbelt 1892 1,631 630 4,937 4,953 narrogin.wa.gov.au Absorbed Town of Narrogin (1906–2016)
Ngaanyatjarraku, Shire of Warburton Goldfields 1993 159,816 61,705 1,476 1,478 ngaanyatjarraku.wa.gov.au
Northam, Shire of Northam Wheatbelt 1871 1,431 553 11,810 11,940 northam.wa.gov.au Absorbed Town of Northam (1879–2007)
Northampton, Shire of Northampton Mid West 1871 12,544 4,843 3,335 3,332 northampton.wa.gov.au Mines RD until 1887
Nungarin, Shire of Nungarin Wheatbelt 1921 1,166 450 263 261 nungarin.wa.gov.au
Perenjori, Shire of Perenjori Mid West 1916 8,301 3,205 652 651 perenjori.wa.gov.au Perenjori–Morawa until 1928
Pingelly, Shire of Pingelly Wheatbelt 1891 1,295 500 1,072 1,067 pingelly.wa.gov.au Moorumbine until 1913
Plantagenet, Shire of Mount Barker Great Southern 1871 4,877 1,883 5,534 5,590 plantagenet.wa.gov.au
Port Hedland, Town of Port Hedland Pilbara 1891 18,417 7,111 16,660 16,987 porthedland.wa.gov.au Pilbara until 1904. Town 1989
Quairading, Shire of Quairading Wheatbelt 1913 2,017 779 982 983 quairading.wa.gov.au Avon until 1922
Ravensthorpe, Shire of Ravensthorpe Great Southern 1900 9,842 3,800 2,157 2,190 ravensthorpe.wa.gov.au Phillips River until 1961
Sandstone, Shire of Sandstone Mid West 1897 32,605 12,589 117 117 sandstone.wa.gov.au Black Range until 1961
Shark Bay, Shire of Denham Gascoyne 1904 24,201 9,344 1,069 1,076 sharkbay.wa.gov.au
Tammin, Shire of Tammin Wheatbelt 1948 1,102 425 401 402 tammin.wa.gov.au Split from Cunderdin
Three Springs, Shire of Three Springs Mid West 1928 2,657 1,026 587 587 threesprings.wa.gov.au
Toodyay, Shire of Toodyay Wheatbelt 1912 1,692 653 4,713 4,812 toodyay.wa.gov.au Amalgamation of Newcastle M (1877) and Toodyay RD (1871)
Trayning, Shire of Trayning Wheatbelt 1911 1,651 637 307 304 trayning.wa.gov.au
Upper Gascoyne, Shire of Gascoyne Junction Gascoyne 1887 57,810 22,321 180 187 uppergascoyne.wa.gov.au
Victoria Plains, Shire of Calingiri Wheatbelt 1871 2,551 985 832 827 victoriaplains.wa.gov.au
Wagin, Shire of Wagin Wheatbelt 1887 1,946 751 1,802 1,811 wagin.wa.gov.au Arthur until 1905. Absorbed municipality (1906–1961)
Wandering, Shire of Wandering Wheatbelt 1874 1,904 735 551 548 wandering.wa.gov.au
Waroona, Shire of Waroona Peel 1898 832 321 4,357 4,405 waroona.wa.gov.au Drakesbrook until 1961
West Arthur, Shire of Darkan Wheatbelt 1896 2,832 1,093 795 799 westarthur.wa.gov.au
Westonia, Shire of Westonia Wheatbelt 1916 3,319 1,281 255 252 westonia.wa.gov.au
Wickepin, Shire of Wickepin Wheatbelt 1909 2,041 788 712 706 wickepin.wa.gov.au
Williams, Shire of Williams Wheatbelt 1871 2,305 890 1,050 1,055 williams.wa.gov.au
Wiluna, Shire of Wiluna Goldfields 1909 181,297 69,999 570 572 wiluna.wa.gov.au
Wongan–Ballidu, Shire of Wongan Hills Wheatbelt 1887 3,365 1,299 1,338 1,339 wongan.wa.gov.au Melbourne until 1926
Woodanilling, Shire of Woodanilling Great Southern 1906 1,129 436 468 469 woodanilling.wa.gov.au
Wyalkatchem, Shire of Wyalkatchem Wheatbelt 1920 1,595 616 484 484 wyalkatchem.wa.gov.au
Wyndham East Kimberley, Shire of Kununurra Kimberley 1887 112,066 43,269 8,053 8,058 swek.wa.gov.au East Kimberley until 1896, Wyndham until 1961
Yalgoo, Shire of Yalgoo Mid West 1907 27,950 10,792 364 365 yalgoo.wa.gov.au Upper Murchison until 1912
Yilgarn, Shire of Southern Cross Wheatbelt 1891 30,429 11,749 1,206 1,196 yilgarn.wa.gov.au Absorbed Southern Cross M (1892–1918)
York, Shire of York Wheatbelt 1871 2,132 823 3,553 3,565 york.wa.gov.au Absorbed Town of York (1871–1965)

Regional councils

Currently, Western Australia has ten regional councils. Each regional council comprises two or more local government areas (LGAs).

Metropolitan regional councils

Non-metropolitan regional councils

References

  1. ^ "An introduction to local government". Department of Local Government, Sport and Cultural Industries, Government of Western Australia. 16 June 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
  2. ^ "Local Government Act 1995". Retrieved 26 July 2011.
  3. ^ Refer Part 3 Division 4 of the "Local Government Act 1995". Retrieved 26 July 2011.
  4. ^ Stannage, C.T. (1979). The people of Perth: A social history of Western Australia's capital city. Perth: Perth City Council. p. 55. ISBN 0909994862.
  5. ^ Gregory, Jenny; Gothard, Janice; Gregory, Jenny; Gothard, Jan (2009), Historical encyclopedia of Western Australia, University of Western Australia Press, ISBN 978-1-921401-15-2 - Berry, Christopher Local Government pp.540-542. the act enabled the establishment of Town Trusts.
  6. ^ a b Johns, J. R. H. (1949). "The Development of Local Government in Western Australia". The Australian Journal of Public Administration: 172–179.
  7. ^ District Roads Act 1871.
  8. ^ "History". Western Australia Local Government Association. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
  9. ^ Committee for Perth (September 2009) ‘Successful’ Metropolitan Local Government Models: Potential Lessons for Perth
  10. ^ Consolidation in Local Government: A Fresh Look (May 2011), p16
  11. ^ Foster, Brendan; Riddell, Alex (8 February 2015). "Council mergers scrapped after ratepayer polls". WA Today.
  12. ^ "Local Government Act Review". Department of Local Government, Sport and Cultural Industries. 25 June 2019.
  13. ^ a b Department of Health. "Local Government contacts". Retrieved 26 July 2009.
  14. ^ a b "3218.0 – Regional Population Growth, Australia, 2017-18: Population Estimates by Local Government Area (ASGS 2018), 2017 to 2018". Australian Bureau of Statistics. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 27 March 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019. Estimated resident population, 30 June 2018.
  15. ^ a b "Regional population, 2021-22 financial year | Australian Bureau of Statistics". www.abs.gov.au. 31 August 2023. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
  16. ^ Contact Us – City of Melville
  17. ^ a b "ERP by SA2 and above (ASGS 2016), 2001 onwards". ABS.Stat. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 27 March 2019. Retrieved 7 December 2019.
  18. ^ "Eastern Metropolitan Regional Council". Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  19. ^ "Mindarie Regional Council". Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  20. ^ "Rivers Regional Council". Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  21. ^ "Southern Metropolitan Regional Council". Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  22. ^ "Tamala Park Regional Council". Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  23. ^ "Western Metropolitan Regional Council". Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  24. ^ "Bunbury Harvey Regional Council". Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  25. ^ "Murchison Regional Vermin Council". Retrieved 3 August 2017.
  26. ^ "Pilbara Regional Council". Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  27. ^ "Warren Blackwood Alliance of Councils". Retrieved 20 September 2022.
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