Möng Lem

Möng Lem State
State of the Shan States under the suzerainty of China
1289–late 19th century

Möng Lem in a 1910 map including the Chinese Shan States
History 
• Möng Lem state established
1289
• Annexed by China
late 19th century
Today part ofMenglian Dai, Lahu and Va Autonomous County, China

Möng Lem or Moeng Laem (also known as Meng-lian in Chinese; Chinese: 孟連) was a Shan state in of what is today the Menglian Dai-Lahu-Va Autonomous County of the Pu'er Prefecture, Yunnan region, China.[1]

History

Möng Lem was established as a tusi state of the Yuan dynasty in 1289. The state was subdued by Möng Mao (Luchuan) in the 14th–15th centuries.[2]

Möng Lem was one of the Koshanpye or "Nine Shan States" in China. The others were Möngmāu, Hsikwan, Möngnā, Sandā, Hosā, Lasā, Möngwan and Küngma (Köng-ma). It was a tributary both of Kingdom of Burma and China until the late 19th century when the British signed an agreement that made the Chinese Shan states become part of China.[3]

The rulers of the state bore the title saopha.

Saophas

  • Hkam Pak Hpa 1289-1309
  • Thao Hkam Hueng (Thao Fai Hueng) 1308-1348
  • Thao Hkam Suan (Thao Fai Suan) 1349-1406
  • Thao Fai Hkan 1407-1439
  • Thao Fai Hkaan 1440-1465
  • Thao Fai Hke 1466-1481
  • Thao Fai Htaan 1482-1492
  • Thao Fai Chin 1493-1514
  • Thao Fai Hpa 1515-1547
  • Thao Fai Hkang 1548-1560
  • Thao Fai Kyoung 1561-1581
  • Thao Fai Sing 1582-1595
  • Thao Fai Hkuen 1595-1603
  • Thao Fai Tin 1603-1662
  • Thao Fai Lae 1662-1708
  • Thao Fai Yew 1709-1737
  • Thao Fai Soon 1738-1762
  • Thao Hseng Fai Yong (Thao Fai Yong) 1762-1765
  • Thao Fai Hsen 1766-1768
  • Thao Fai Sin 1769-1790
  • Thao Fai Koong 1791-1805
  • Thao Fai Sang 1805-1813
  • Thao Fai Ming 1814-1826
  • Thao Fai Soen 1827-1847
  • Thao Fai Sawn 1848-1879
  • Thao Fai Hua 1880-1893
  • Thao Fai Yawng 1894-1930
  • Thao Fai Hkong 1931-1949 (the last saopha)

See also

References

  1. ^ Meng-lian Chief's Office (孟璉長官司)
  2. ^ Zhou, Hanli (2024). The Survival Politics of Three Tai Nüa Polities in the Upper Mekong Basin During the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries. p. 68.
  3. ^ Henry Rodolph Davies, Yün-nan: The Link Between India and the Yangtze, p. 91]

22°18′N 99°25′E / 22.300°N 99.417°E / 22.300; 99.417

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