Terrestrial ecoregions of Mexico The following is a list of ecoregions in Mexico as identified by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). A different system of ecoregional analysis is used by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation , a trilateral body linking Mexican, Canadian and United States environmental regime.
Terrestrial ecoregions The terrestrial ecoregions of Mexico span two biogeographic realms - the Nearctic and Neotropic - which together constitute the entire biogeography of the Americas .
Veracruz is the most biodiverse state with 10 ecoregions across 5 biomes and 2 realms . Chiapas comes in a close second with 10 ecoregions across 4 biomes in the same realm. By contrast, Morelos is the least biodiverse state with just 2 ecoregions.[ 1]
Realm Biome Ecoregion State Nearctic Deserts and xeric shrublands Baja California desert Baja California , Baja California Sur Nearctic Deserts and xeric shrublands Central Mexican matorral Aguascalientes , Guanajuato , Hidalgo , Jalisco , Mexico , Mexico City , Michoacán , Querétaro , Zacatecas Nearctic Deserts and xeric shrublands Chihuahuan Desert Chihuahua , Coahuila , Durango , Nuevo León , Sonora , Zacatecas Nearctic Deserts and xeric shrublands Gulf of California xeric scrub Baja California , Baja California Sur Nearctic Deserts and xeric shrublands Meseta Central matorral Coahuila , Durango , Hidalgo , Nuevo León , Querétaro , San Luis Potosí , Tamaulipas , Zacatecas Nearctic Deserts and xeric shrublands Sonoran Desert Baja California , Sinaloa , Sonora Nearctic Deserts and xeric shrublands Tamaulipan matorral Nuevo León , Tamaulipas Nearctic Deserts and xeric shrublands Tamaulipan mezquital Coahuila , Nuevo León , Tamaulipas Nearctic Mangroves Northern Mesoamerican Pacific Coast Mangroves Baja California Sur , Sinaloa , Sonora Nearctic Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub California coastal sage and chaparral Baja California Nearctic Temperate coniferous forests Sierra Juárez and San Pedro Mártir pine–oak forests Baja California Nearctic Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests Sierra Madre Occidental pine–oak forests Chihuahua , Durango , Jalisco , Sonora , Zacatecas Nearctic Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests Sierra Madre Oriental pine–oak forests Chihuahua , Coahuila , Durango , Hidalgo , Nuevo León , Puebla , Querétaro , San Luis Potosí , Tamaulipas , Veracruz , Zacatecas Nearctic Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests Sonoran–Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest Sinaloa , Sonora Nearctic Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands Tamaulipan pastizal Tamaulipas Neotropical Deserts and xeric shrublands San Lucan xeric scrub Baja California Sur Neotropical Deserts and xeric shrublands Tehuacán Valley matorral Oaxaca , Puebla , Tlaxcala Neotropical Flooded grasslands and savannas Central Mexican wetlands Mexico , Michoacán , Guanajuato , Mexico City Neotropical Mangroves Alvarado mangroves Tamaulipas , Veracruz Neotropical Mangroves Belizean Coast mangroves Quintana Roo Neotropical Mangroves Marismas Nacionales–San Blas mangroves Nayarit , Sinaloa Neotropical Mangroves Mayan Corridor mangroves Quintana Roo Neotropical Mangroves Mexican South Pacific Coast mangroves Guerrero , Michoacán , Oaxaca Neotropical Mangroves Petenes mangroves Campeche , Yucatán Neotropical Mangroves Ría Lagartos mangroves Yucatán Neotropical Mangroves Tehuantepec–El Manchón mangroves Chiapas Neotropical Mangroves Usumacinta mangroves Tabasco Neotropical Montane grasslands and shrublands Zacatonal Hidalgo , Mexico , Morelos Neotropical Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests Central American pine–oak forests Chiapas Neotropical Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests Sierra de la Laguna pine–oak forests Baja California Sur Neotropical Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine–oak forests Oaxaca , Puebla , Veracruz Neotropical Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests Sierra Madre del Sur pine–oak forests Guerrero , Jalisco , Michoacán , Oaxaca , Puebla Neotropical Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine–oak forests Aguascalientes , Colima , Guanajuato , Guerrero , Hidalgo , Jalisco , Mexico , Mexico City , Michoacán , Morelos , Nayarit , Puebla , Querétaro , San Luis Potosí , Tlaxcala , Veracruz , Zacatecas Neotropical Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests Bajío dry forests Guanajuato , Jalisco , Michoacán Neotropical Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests Balsas dry forests Guerrero , Mexico , Michoacán , Morelos , Oaxaca and Puebla Neotropical Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests Central American dry forests Chiapas Neotropical Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests Chiapas Depression dry forests Chiapas Neotropical Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests Jalisco dry forests Colima , Jalisco , Michoacán , Nayarit Neotropical Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests Revillagigedo Islands dry forests Colima Neotropical Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests Sierra de la Laguna dry forests Baja California Sur Neotropical Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests Sinaloan dry forests Chihuahua , Jalisco , Nayarit , Sinaloa , Sonora Neotropical Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests Southern Pacific dry forests Chiapas , Guerrero , Oaxaca Neotropical Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests Veracruz dry forests Veracruz Neotropical Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests Yucatán dry forests Campeche , Quintana Roo , Yucatán Neotropical Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests Chiapas montane forests Chiapas Neotropical Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests Chimalapas montane forests Chiapas , Oaxaca Neotropical Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests Oaxacan montane forests Oaxaca , Puebla , Veracruz Neotropical Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests Pantanos de Centla Campeche , Chiapas , Tabasco Neotropical Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests Petén–Veracruz moist forests Campeche , Chiapas , Oaxaca , Puebla , Quintana Roo , Tabasco , Veracruz Neotropical Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests Sierra de los Tuxtlas Veracruz Neotropical Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forests Chiapas Neotropical Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests Veracruz moist forests Hidalgo , Puebla , San Luis Potosí , Tamaulipas , Veracruz Neotropical Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests Veracruz montane forests Hidalgo , Puebla , Veracruz Neotropical Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests Yucatán moist forests Campeche , Quintana Roo , Yucatán
Freshwater ecoregions
Baja California Complex
Sinaloan Coastal Complex
Rio Bravo Complex
Rio Panuco Complex
Balsas Complex
Pacific Central Complex
Atlantic Central Complex
Warm Temperate Northeast Pacific
Warm Temperate Northwest Atlantic Northern Gulf of Mexico[ 2]
Tropical Northwestern Atlantic Southern Gulf of Mexico[ 2] Western Caribbean[ 2]
See also
References Olson, D., Dinerstein, E., Canevari, P., Davidson, I., Castro, G., Morisset, V., Abell, R., and Toledo, E.; eds. (1998). Freshwater biodiversity of Latin America and the Caribbean: A conservation assessment. Biodiversity Support Program, Washington DC. Ricketts, Taylor H; Eric Dinerstein; David M. Olson; Colby J. Loucks; et al. (1999). Terrestrial Ecoregions of North America: a Conservation Assessment. Island Press; Washington, DC.
!["Marine Ecoregions (Spalding 2007). [Map by] GEOMAR, University of Seville, Department of Human Geography"](https://web.archive.org/web/20170212110426/http://www.marineplan.es/ES/fichas_kml/mapasfichas/ecoregions.jpg){kind=link}
