| Year released | Album | Notes | Label |
| 1950 | Piano Solos | | Mercury |
| 1951 | Oscar Peterson at Carnegie | live | Mercury |
| 1952 | Oscar Peterson At Carnegie Hall | recorded between 1949 and 1951, MG C-107 (rec Sept 18 1949-NYC) [re-issued on CD in 2009 as Debut: The Clef/Mercury Duo Recordings 1949-1951] [1] | Mercury |
| The Oscar Peterson Quartet | with Barney Kessel, Ray Brown and Alvin Stoller |
| The Drum Battle | live, Gene Krupa and Buddy Rich (leaders) | Verve |
| Alone Together | Benny Carter (leader) | Norgran |
| Basie Jazz | Count Basie (leader) | Clef |
| Rockin' Chair | Roy Eldridge (leader) |
| 1953 | Oscar Peterson Plays Duke Ellington | recorded in 1952 | Mercury |
| Oscar Peterson Plays George Gershwin | recorded in 1952 |
| Oscar Peterson Plays Cole Porter | |
| The Astaire Story | Fred Astaire (leader), recorded in 1952 | Norgran |
| 1954 | Oscar Peterson Plays Harold Arlen | | Clef |
| Oscar Peterson Plays Vincent Youmans | |
| Buddy DeFranco and Oscar Peterson Play George Gershwin | with Buddy DeFranco |
| Romance - The Vocal Styling Of Oscar Peterson | with Ray Brown, Barney Kessel and Herb Ellis | Verve |
| Lester Young with the Oscar Peterson Trio | Lester Young (leader) | Norgram |
| Lionel Hampton Plays Love Songs | Lionel Hampton (leader) | Clef |
| Hamp's Big Four | Lionel Hampton (leader) |
| Little Jazz | Roy Eldridge (leader) |
| Roy and Diz | Roy Eldridge and Dizzy Gillespie (leaders) |
| Rock with Flip | Flip Phillips (leader) |
| Dale's Wail | Roy Eldridge (leader) | Clef / Verve |
| Benny Carter Plays Pretty | Benny Carter (leader) | Norgran |
| New Jazz Sounds |
| 1955 | Sing and Swing with Buddy Rich | Buddy Rich (leader) | Norgran |
| Ralph Burns Among the JATP's | Ralph Burns (leader) |
| 1956 | Nostalgic Memories [2][3] | recorded between 1949 and 1951, re-issued on CD in 2009 as Debut: The Clef/Mercury Duo Recordings 1949-1951 [1] | Clef / Verve |
| Tenderly | recorded between 1949 and 1951, MG C-696 [re-issued on CD in 2009 as Debut: The Clef/Mercury Duo Recordings 1949-1951] [1] |
| Keyboard | recorded between 1949 and 1951, MG C-697 [re-issued on CD in 2009 as Debut: The Clef/Mercury Duo Recordings 1949-1951] [1] |
| Oscar Peterson Plays Count Basie | recorded in 1955 | Clef |
| In a Romantic Mood | recorded in 1955 | Verve |
| Pastel Moods | |
| Cosmopolite | Benny Carter (leader), recorded between 1952–1954 | Norgran |
| The Wailing Buddy Rich | Buddy Rich (leader), recorded in 1955 |
| Pres and Sweets | Lester Young and Harry "Sweets" Edison (leaders), recorded in 1955 |
| Ellis in Wonderland | Herb Ellis (leader) |
| Krupa and Rich | Gene Krupa, Buddy Rich (leaders) | Clef / Verve |
| Toni | Toni Harper (leader) | Verve |
| Ella and Louis | Ella Fitzgerald and Louis Armstrong (leaders) | Verve / Polygram |
| 1957 | An Evening with Oscar Peterson | recorded between 1949 and 1951, MGC-698 [re-issued on CD in 2009 as Debut: The Clef/Mercury Duo Recordings 1949-1951] [1] | Clef / Verve |
| Oscar Peterson at the Stratford Shakespearean Festival | live recorded in 1956, with Herb Ellis | Verve |
| Soft Sands | |
| The Modern Jazz Quartet and the Oscar Peterson Trio at the Opera House | live with the Modern Jazz Quartet |
| The Oscar Peterson Trio with Sonny Stitt, Roy Eldridge and Jo Jones at Newport | live with Sonny Stitt, Roy Eldridge and Jo Jones | American Recording Society / Verve |
| Anita Sings the Most | Anita O'Day (leader) | Verve |
| Stuff Smith | Stuff Smith (leader) |
| Ella and Louis Again | Ella Fitzgerald and Louis Armstrong (leaders) |
| Going for Myself | Lester Young and Harry Edison (leaders) |
| Only the Blues | Sonny Stitt (leader) |
| Soulville | Ben Webster (leader) |
| The Genius of Coleman Hawkins | Coleman Hawkins (leader) |
| Coleman Hawkins Encounters Ben Webster |
| Coleman Hawkins and Confrères |
| Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Duke Ellington Song Book | Ella Fitzgerald (leader) |
| Stan Getz and J. J. Johnson at the Opera House | live, Stan Getz and J. J. Johnson (leader) |
| 1958 | Oscar Peterson at the Concertgebouw | live recorded in 1957 | Verve |
| Stan Getz and the Oscar Peterson Trio | recorded in 1957, with Stan Getz |
| Jazz Giants '58 | recorded in 1957, with Stan Getz, Gerry Mulligan, Harry "Sweets" Edison |
| My Fair Lady | |
| On the Town with the Oscar Peterson Trio | live |
| At the Opera House | live recorded in 1957, Ella Fitzgerald (leader) |
| Gee Baby, Ain't I Good to You | Harry "Sweets" Edison (leader) |
| This Is Ray Brown | Ray Brown (leader) |
| 1959 | Louis Armstrong Meets Oscar Peterson | recorded in 1957, with Louis Armstrong | Verve |
| Oscar Peterson Plays the Richard Rodgers Songbook | recorded in 1952, 1953, 1959 |
| A Jazz Portrait of Frank Sinatra | |
| The Jazz Soul of Oscar Peterson | |
| Oscar Peterson Plays the Cole Porter Songbook | |
| Oscar Peterson Plays the Irving Berlin Songbook | |
| Oscar Peterson Plays the George Gershwin Songbook | |
| Oscar Peterson Plays Porgy & Bess | |
| Oscar Peterson Plays the Harry Warren Songbook | |
| Oscar Peterson Plays the Jimmy McHugh Songbook | |
| Oscar Peterson Plays The Harry Warren and Vincent Youmans Song Books | |
| Sonny Stitt Sits in with the Oscar Peterson Trio | Sonny Stitt (leader) |
| 1960 | Oscar Peterson Plays the Duke Ellington Song book | recorded in 1959 | Verve |
| Oscar Peterson Plays the Jerome Kern Songbook | recorded in 1959 |
| Oscar Peterson Plays the Harold Arlen Songbook | recorded in 1959 |
| Swinging Brass with the Oscar Peterson Trio | recorded in 1959 |
| Ben Webster Meets Oscar Peterson | recorded in 1959, with Ben Webster |
| Fiorello! | |
| 1961 | The Trio: Live From Chicago | live at the London House, Chicago | Verve |
| 1962 | The Sound of the Trio | live recorded in 1961 at the London House, Chicago | Verve |
| West Side Story | |
| Bursting Out with the All-Star Big Band! | |
| Affinity | |
| Very Tall | Milt Jackson (leader), recorded in 1961 |
| 1963 | Night Train | recorded in 1962 | Verve |
| Oscar Peterson and Nelson Riddle | with Nelson Riddle |
| Bill Henderson with the Oscar Peterson Trio | Bill Henderson (leader) |
| 1964 | The Oscar Peterson Trio Plays | | Verve |
| We Get Requests | |
| Oscar Peterson Trio + One | with Clark Terry | Mercury |
| 1965 | More Swinging Standards | recorded in 1959 | Verve |
| Canadiana Suite | recorded in 1964 | Limelight |
| With Respect to Nat | | Mercury / Limelight |
| Eloquence | live | Limelight |
| I/We Had a Ball | various artists compililation, 1 track |
| 1966 | Put On a Happy Face | live recorded in 1961 at the London House, Chicago | Verve |
| Blues Etude | recorded in 1965, 1966 | Limelight |
| 1967 | Thoroughly Modern 'Twenties | compililation, recorded in 1959 | Verve |
| Something Warm | live recorded in 1961 at the London House, Chicago |
| Soul Español | recorded in 1966 | Limelight |
| 1968 | Action | recorded in 1964 | MPS |
| The Way I Really Play | recorded in 1967 |
| Girl Talk | recorded in 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968 |
| My Favorite Instrument | |
| Travelin' On | |
| 1969 | Mellow Mood | recorded in 1968 | MPS |
| Motions and Emotions |
|
| 1970 | Exclusively for My Friends | [4LP box set], reissued as [4CD box set] (1992) and [8CD box set] (2015) recorded between 1963 and 1968 | MPS / Verve |
| Hello Herbie | recorded in 1969, with Herb Ellis | MPS |
| Tristeza on Piano | |
| 1971 | Walking the Line | recorded in 1970 | MPS |
| Another Day | recorded in 1970 |
| Tracks | recorded in 1970 |
| In Tune | with The Singers Unlimited |
| 1972 | Reunion Blues | recorded in 1971, with Milt Jackson, Ray Brown and Louis Hayes | MPS |
| Jazz at Santa Monica Civic '72 | [3LP] live, various artists | Pablo |
| 1974 | Great Connection | recorded in 1971 | MPS |
| The Trio | live recorded in 1973, with Joe Pass, Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen, won Grammy Award for Best Jazz Performance by a Group | Pablo |
| The Good Life | live recorded in 1973 as above |
| The History of an Artist, Vol. 1 | recorded between 1972 and 1974 |
| Terry's Tune | |
| Oscar Peterson and Dizzy Gillespie | with Dizzy Gillespie |
| Oscar Peterson and the Trumpet Kings – Jousts | won Grammy Award for Best Jazz Performance by a Soloist |
| Satch and Josh | with Count Basie |
| The Giants | with Joe Pass, Ray Brown, won Grammy Award for Best Jazz Performance by a Soloist |
| Oscar Peterson and Harry Edison | with Harry "Sweets" Edison |
| Basie and Friends | Count Basie (leader) |
| 1975 | The Oscar Peterson Trio In Tokyo 1964 | live recorded in 1964 | Pablo |
| The Greatest Jazz Concert in the World | live recorded in 1967 |
| Oscar Peterson and Roy Eldridge | recorded in 1974, with Roy Eldridge |
| Oscar Peterson in Russia | live recorded in 1974 |
| The Oscar Peterson Big 6 at Montreux | live |
| Oscar Peterson et Joe Pass à Salle Pleyel | with Joe Pass |
| Oscar Peterson and Clark Terry | with Clark Terry |
| Ella and Oscar | with Ella Fitzgerald |
| Jazz Maturity...Where It's Coming From | with Roy Eldridge, Dizzy Gillespie |
| Oscar Peterson and Jon Faddis | with Jon Faddis |
| Happy Time | Roy Eldridge (leader) |
| Zoot Sims and the Gershwin Brothers | Zoot Sims (leader) |
| The Trumpet Kings at Montreux '75 | live, The Trumpet Kings (leaders) |
| The Milt Jackson Big 4 at the Montreux Jazz Festival 1975 | live, Milt Jackson (leader) |
| 1976 | Porgy and Bess | with Joe Pass | Pablo |
| I Got Rhythm | | RCA |
| Rockin' in Rhythm | |
| 1977 | The Oscar Peterson Trio in Tokyo | live recorded in 1972 | Denon |
| Oscar Peterson Jam – Montreux '77 | live, won Grammy Award for Best Jazz Performance by a Soloist | Pablo |
| Oscar Peterson and the Bassists – Montreux '77 | live, with Ray Brown, Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen |
| Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis 4 – Montreux '77 | live, Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis (leader) |
| Roy Eldridge 4 – Montreux '77 | live, Roy Eldridge (leader) |
| The Pablo All-Stars Jam – Montreux '77 | live, various artists |
| 1978 | Satch and Josh...Again | recorded in 1977, with Count Basie | Pablo |
| How Long Has This Been Going On? | Sarah Vaughan (leader) |
| 1979 | The Paris Concert | live recorded in 1978 | Pablo |
| The London Concert | live recorded in 1978 |
| Digital at Montreux | live |
| The Silent Partner | film score |
| Night Child | with Joe Pass, Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen and Louie Bellson |
| Skol | with Stephane Grappelli, Joe Pass, Mickey Roker |
| Ain't Misbehavin' | Clark Terry (leader) |
| 1980 | Night Rider | recorded in 1978, with Count Basie | Pablo |
| The Personal Touch | |
| Live at the North Sea Jazz Festival, 1980 | live |
| The Trumpet Summit Meets the Oscar Peterson Big 4 | with Dizzy Gillespie, Freddie Hubbard, Clark Terry |
| The Alternate Blues | Dizzy Gillespie, Freddie Hubbard, Clark Terry (leader) |
| 1981 | A Royal Wedding Suite | | Pablo |
| Nigerian Marketplace | live |
| 1982 | Ain't But a Few of Us Left | recorded in 1981, with Milt Jackson, Ray Brown, Grady Tate | Pablo |
| Face to Face | with Freddie Hubbard |
| Oscar Peterson with Clark Terry | with Clark Terry |
| 1983 | The History of an Artist, Vol. 2 | recorded in 1972 | Pablo |
| Count Basie Meets Oscar Peterson – The Timekeepers | recorded in 1978, with Count Basie |
| Freedom Song | live recorded in 1982 |
| Two of the Few | with Milt Jackson |
| Jazz at the Philharmonic – Yoyogi National Stadium, Tokyo 1983: Return to Happiness | live, various artists |
| 1984 | A Tribute to My Friends | recorded in 1983 | Pablo |
| 1985 | Hark | with Buddy DeFranco | Pablo |
| 1986 | Yessir, That's My Baby | recorded in 1978, with Count Basie | Pablo |
| If You Could See Me Now | recorded in 1983 |
| 1987 | Oscar Peterson + Harry Edison + Eddie "Cleanhead" Vinson | with Eddie "Cleanhead" Vinson and Harry "Sweets" Edison recorded in 1986 | Pablo |
| Benny Carter Meets Oscar Peterson | with Benny Carter recorded in 1986 |
| Oscar Peterson Plays Jazz Standards | [CD] compilation | Verve |
| Compact Jazz | compilation of recordings 1964–1966 [830 698–2] | Mercury |
| 1988 | Ella in Rome: The Birthday Concert | live recorded in 1958, Ella Fitzgerald (leader) | Verve |
| 1990 | Oscar Peterson Live! | live recorded in 1986 | Pablo |
| Live at the Blue Note | live, won Grammy Award for Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Group, Grammy Award for Best Jazz Performance by a Soloist | Telarc |
| 1991 | Time After Time | live recorded in 1986 | Telarc |
| Saturday Night at the Blue Note | live, won Grammy Award for Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Group |
| 1992 | Last Call at the Blue Note | live recorded in 1990 | Telarc |
| In the Key of Oscar | 5 tracks recorded live at the Bermuda Onion, Toronto, 11 June 1991 + 7 electronic selections | Vocal Vision Productions Inc. |
| 1993 | En Concert Avec Europe1 | live recorded in 1961, 1963–66 & 1969. 12 tracks feature Brown/Thigpen. Others include Bobby Durham, Louise Hayes, Sam Jones and Roy Eldridge on two tracks. | RTÉ / Trema |
| Encore at the Blue Note | live recorded in 1990 | Telarc |
| 1994 | Side by Side | with Itzhak Perlman | Telarc |
| 1995 | Exclusively for My Friends: The Lost Tapes | recorded in 1965, 1967, 1968 | MPS |
| Some of My Best Friends Are...The Piano Players | recorded in 1994, Ray Brown (leader) | Telarc |
| An Oscar Peterson Christmas | |
| The More I See You | with Benny Carter, Clark Terry, Ray Brown |
| 1996 | The London House Sessions | [5CD box set] recorded in 1961 at the London House, Chicago | Polygram |
| Ljubljana 1964 | live recorded on July 29, 1964 | Promo Sound AG |
| Oscar Peterson Meets Roy Hargrove and Ralph Moore | with Roy Hargrove and Ralph Moore | Telarc |
| 1997 | Live at CBC Studios, 1960 | live recorded in 1960, with Brown and Thigpen | Just A Memory |
| Oscar in Paris | live | Telarc |
| A Tribute to Oscar Peterson – Live at the Town Hall | live |
| 1998 | Oscar and Benny | recorded in 1997, with Benny Green | Telarc |
| 1999 | Smooth Operator | recorded in 1958, 1961, Dorothy Dandridge (leader) | Verve |
| Summer Night in Munich | live recorded in 1998 | Telarc |
| The Very Tall Band: Live at the Blue Note | live recorded in 1998 |
| 2000 | Linger Awhile: Live at Newport and More | live recorded in 1957, 1978, 1982, Sarah Vaughan (leader) | Pablo |
| Trail of Dreams: A Canadian Suite | A Jazz suite with strings conducted by Michel Legrand | Telarc |
| 2001 | The Tenor Giants Featuring Oscar Peterson | live recorded in 1975, with Zoot Sims and Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis | Pablo |
| 2002 | Solo | live recorded in 1972 | Pablo |
| 2004 | A Night in Vienna | live recorded in 2003 | Verve |
| 2006 | Fly me to the Moon | Oscar Peterson (Piano), Ray Brown, Sam Jones, George Mraz, Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen (Bass), Ed Thigpen, Bob Durham, Ray Price, Louis Hayes (Drums), Milt Jackson (Vibraphone) | Verve |
| 2007 | The Very Tall Band: What's Up? | live recorded in 1998 | Telarc |