2004 Vanuatuan general election
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General elections were held in Vanuatu on 6 July 2004. The Vanua'aku Pati–Vanuatu National United Party coalition won the most seats, but failed to gain a majority, which instead was cobbled together by Serge Vohor of the Union of Moderate Parties, who became Prime Minister, subsequently forming a national unity government.
However, after disagreements over establishing relations with Taiwan, he was removed from office by a motion of no confidence and replaced by the Vanuatu National United Party's Ham Lini.
Nine women candidates took part in the election. Two were elected.[1]
Results
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
| Union of Moderate Parties | 13,852 | 15.02 | 8 | –7 | |
| Vanua'aku Pati | 12,819 | 13.90 | 8 | –6 | |
| National United Party | 9,418 | 10.21 | 10 | +2 | |
| Green Confederation | 7,075 | 7.67 | 3 | +1 | |
| Melanesian Progressive Party | 4,961 | 5.38 | 3 | 0 | |
| Vanuatu Republican Party | 4,695 | 5.09 | 4 | +1 | |
| People's Progressive Party | 4,362 | 4.73 | 4 | +3 | |
| Vanuatu National Party | 4,001 | 4.34 | 0 | New | |
| National Community Association | 2,385 | 2.59 | 2 | +2 | |
| People's Action Party | 2,263 | 2.45 | 1 | New | |
| Vanua K Group | 1,650 | 1.79 | 0 | New | |
| Vanuatu Labour Party | 1,319 | 1.43 | 0 | New | |
| Friend Melanesian Party | 1,101 | 1.19 | 0 | –1 | |
| Natatok | 744 | 0.81 | 0 | New | |
| Namangi Aute | 707 | 0.77 | 1 | 0 | |
| Nagriamel | 405 | 0.44 | 0 | 0 | |
| John Frum Movement | 230 | 0.25 | 0 | New | |
| Independents | 20,265 | 21.97 | 8 | +3 | |
| Total | 92,252 | 100.00 | 52 | 0 | |
| Registered voters/turnout | 133,497 | – | |||
| Source: Official Gazette[2] | |||||
By constituency
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Bule | National United Party | 1,057 | 23.08 | |
| Dickinson Vusilai | Independent | 1,001 | 21.86 | |
| Peter Vuta | People's Action Party | 954 | 20.83 | |
| Wilson Aru | Vanua'aku Pati | 648 | 14.15 | |
| Jacques Sésé | Union of Moderate Parties | 419 | 9.15 | |
| Samson Bue | Union of Moderate Parties | 357 | 7.80 | |
| John Tariweu M. Wari | Independent | 96 | 2.10 | |
| Samuel Bani | Vanuatu Republican Party | 47 | 1.03 | |
| Total | 4,579 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 4,579 | 98.35 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 77 | 1.65 | ||
| Total votes | 4,656 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 6,700 | 69.49 | ||
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Raphael Worwor | Union of Moderate Parties | 588 | 16.47 | |
| Jossie Masmas | Vanuatu Republican Party | 574 | 16.08 | |
| Roger Abiut | Green Confederation | 513 | 14.37 | |
| Jacob Nabong | Vanua'aku Pati | 456 | 12.77 | |
| Luke Daniel Simelum | Melanesian Progressive Party | 387 | 10.84 | |
| Edwin Wuan | Independent | 339 | 9.50 | |
| John Josiah | People's Action Party | 311 | 8.71 | |
| Ellie Robert Bonglibu | Vanuatu National Party | 196 | 5.49 | |
| Andrew Welwel | People's Progressive Party | 115 | 3.22 | |
| William Ken | Vanuatu Labour Party | 91 | 2.55 | |
| Total | 3,570 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 3,570 | 97.78 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 81 | 2.22 | ||
| Total votes | 3,651 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 4,874 | 74.91 | ||
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dunstan Hilton | People's Progressive Party | 904 | 23.80 | |
| Laliurou Eric Shedrac | National United Party | 770 | 20.27 | |
| Paul K. Demmet | Independent | 514 | 13.53 | |
| Charles Bice | National United Party | 373 | 9.82 | |
| Nicholas Brown | Vanua'aku Pati | 279 | 7.35 | |
| Harold Nice | Vanua K Group | 198 | 5.21 | |
| Ezekiel W. Anthny | Vanuatu Republican Party | 186 | 4.90 | |
| David Wesaror | Green Confederation | 182 | 4.79 | |
| Stanlee Reginald | Union of Moderate Parties | 160 | 4.21 | |
| Reynold Sale | Independent | 129 | 3.40 | |
| Clifton Lonsdale | Independent | 52 | 1.37 | |
| Norman Roslyn | Independent | 51 | 1.34 | |
| Total | 3,798 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 3,798 | 98.06 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 75 | 1.94 | ||
| Total votes | 3,873 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 4,681 | 82.74 | ||
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Steven Kalsakau | Union of Moderate Parties | 987 | 10.17 | |
| Joshua Kalsakau | National Community Association | 978 | 10.08 | |
| Barak Sopé | Melanesian Progressive Party | 970 | 9.99 | |
| Roro Sambo | Green Confederation | 756 | 7.79 | |
| Alfred Rolland Carlot | Natatok | 744 | 7.67 | |
| Kalman Kaltoi | Vanuatu National Party | 692 | 7.13 | |
| Donald Kalpokas | Vanua'aku Pati | 683 | 7.04 | |
| Soka Edwin Malas | Independent | 576 | 5.94 | |
| Jimmy Luna Tasong | Vanuatu Republican Party | 510 | 5.26 | |
| Kalchichi Malas | Vanuatu Labour Party | 396 | 4.08 | |
| Kali Kalchiare Vatoko | Independent | 366 | 3.77 | |
| Chilia Jimmy Meto | National United Party | 338 | 3.48 | |
| Charlie Kalorus Kalpoi | Independent | 335 | 3.45 | |
| Jack Norris Kalmet | People's Progressive Party | 314 | 3.24 | |
| Robert Tasaruru | Vanua'aku Pati | 309 | 3.18 | |
| Joe Bomal Carlo | Vanua'aku Pati | 254 | 2.62 | |
| Belleay Kalotiti | Independent | 208 | 2.14 | |
| Claude Kalsakau | Independent | 179 | 1.84 | |
| David T. Tanarango | Independent | 110 | 1.13 | |
| Total | 9,705 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 9,705 | 98.45 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 153 | 1.55 | ||
| Total votes | 9,858 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 15,460 | 63.76 | ||
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leinavao Tasso | Independent | 403 | 16.57 | |
| Isabelle Donald | Vanua'aku Pati | 378 | 15.54 | |
| Alick Aram | Independent | 364 | 14.97 | |
| Patrick Sarginson | Green Confederation | 296 | 12.17 | |
| Billy Raymond | Vanuatu Republican Party | 264 | 10.86 | |
| Apia Renzo Valia | Independent | 234 | 9.62 | |
| Willie Mese | Union of Moderate Parties | 185 | 7.61 | |
| Luwi Song | National United Party | 136 | 5.59 | |
| Willi Olli Varasmaite | Independent | 129 | 5.30 | |
| Samuel Taritonga | Melanesian Progressive Party | 43 | 1.77 | |
| Total | 2,432 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 2,432 | 97.87 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 53 | 2.13 | ||
| Total votes | 2,485 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 3,044 | 81.64 | ||
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| George Wells | Vanua'aku Pati | 1,017 | 23.90 | |
| Eric Jack | National United Party | 520 | 12.22 | |
| James Wango | People's Action Party | 491 | 11.54 | |
| Baba Francois Luc | Union of Moderate Parties | 436 | 10.24 | |
| Buletare Prosper | Independent | 362 | 8.51 | |
| Emboi Morris | Green Confederation | 322 | 7.57 | |
| Joe Naura | Melanesian Progressive Party | 280 | 6.58 | |
| George Fai | Independent | 238 | 5.59 | |
| Donald Restuetune | Independent | 200 | 4.70 | |
| Edwin Aprimen | Vanuatu Republican Party | 125 | 2.94 | |
| Michael Kalmet | Independent | 118 | 2.77 | |
| Manina Packete | Vanuatu National Party | 100 | 2.35 | |
| Harry Avia | Vanua K Group | 47 | 1.10 | |
| Total | 4,256 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 4,256 | 97.01 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 131 | 2.99 | ||
| Total votes | 4,387 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 8,947 | 49.03 | ||
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Philip Boedoro | Vanua'aku Pati | 551 | 39.75 | |
| Paul Ren Tari | National United Party | 376 | 27.13 | |
| Gregory Taranban | Union of Moderate Parties | 271 | 19.55 | |
| Swithin Adin | Green Confederation | 188 | 13.56 | |
| Total | 1,386 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 1,386 | 95.59 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 64 | 4.41 | ||
| Total votes | 1,450 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 1,832 | 79.15 | ||
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sato Kilman | People's Progressive Party | 1,072 | 8.50 | |
| Donna Browny | Vanuatu Republican Party | 960 | 7.61 | |
| Paul Telukluk | Namangi Aute | 707 | 5.60 | |
| Malon Hospmander | People's Progressive Party | 660 | 5.23 | |
| Esmon Saimon | Melanesian Progressive Party | 613 | 4.86 | |
| Caleb Isaac | Independent | 597 | 4.73 | |
| Charlie Rokrok | National United Party | 548 | 4.34 | |
| Jacob Thyna | Friend Melanesian Party | 528 | 4.18 | |
| Janeck Patunvanu | Vanuatu National Party | 520 | 4.12 | |
| Sam Noel | Union of Moderate Parties | 516 | 4.09 | |
| Alick Masing | Union of Moderate Parties | 496 | 3.93 | |
| Jackleen Ruben Titek | Vanua'aku Pati | 495 | 3.92 | |
| Willie John Morrison | Vanua'aku Pati | 487 | 3.86 | |
| Japeth Mali Nawilau | Independent | 465 | 3.68 | |
| Antonin Vebong | Green Confederation | 440 | 3.49 | |
| Don Ken | Independent | 414 | 3.28 | |
| Rory Albano | Green Confederation | 396 | 3.14 | |
| Sethy Rapsarey Kalnaran | Melanesian Progressive Party | 355 | 2.81 | |
| Mathieu Tulili | Independent | 315 | 2.50 | |
| Androng Manjab | Independent | 313 | 2.48 | |
| Maxwell Malto | Vanuatu Labour Party | 305 | 2.42 | |
| Norbert Ngpan | Independent | 297 | 2.35 | |
| Teilemb Kisito | Independent | 230 | 1.82 | |
| Michel Maurice | Green Confederation | 233 | 1.85 | |
| Johnson Kalo | Independent | 222 | 1.76 | |
| Pechou Meltetamat | Vanua K Group | 203 | 1.61 | |
| Andre Marcel | Independent | 185 | 1.47 | |
| Seth Matvungkeres | Vanuatu National Party | 47 | 0.37 | |
| Total | 12,619 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 12,619 | 98.38 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 208 | 1.62 | ||
| Total votes | 12,827 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 16,391 | 78.26 | ||
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Josias Moli | Union of Moderate Parties | 753 | 33.39 | |
| Leo Tamata | Vanua'aku Pati | 517 | 22.93 | |
| Havo Molisale | Independent | 426 | 18.89 | |
| Sano Alvea | Melanesian Progressive Party | 331 | 14.68 | |
| Ken Mansi | Independent | 117 | 5.19 | |
| Sive Song | People's Progressive Party | 111 | 4.92 | |
| Total | 2,255 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 2,255 | 97.58 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 56 | 2.42 | ||
| Total votes | 2,311 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 2,777 | 83.22 | ||
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thomas Nentu | Melanesian Progressive Party | 544 | 32.32 | |
| Thomas Namusi Niditauae | Vanua'aku Pati | 506 | 30.07 | |
| David Theodore | Union of Moderate Parties | 256 | 15.21 | |
| Philip Charlie Norwo | Independent | 194 | 11.53 | |
| Allen Nafuki | Vanua K Group | 183 | 10.87 | |
| Total | 1,683 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 2,074 | – | ||
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sam Dan Avok | Vanua'aku Pati | 349 | 42.72 | |
| David Willie Tien | Melanesian Progressive Party | 324 | 39.66 | |
| Demis Lango | Independent | 73 | 8.94 | |
| Abel Tomatvativol Luwi | Union of Moderate Parties | 37 | 4.53 | |
| Tom Maki Weiwo | Vanua K Group | 34 | 4.16 | |
| Total | 817 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 817 | 93.91 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 53 | 6.09 | ||
| Total votes | 870 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 965 | 90.16 | ||
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ham Lini | National United Party | 956 | 13.89 | |
| Charlot Salwai | Union of Moderate Parties | 736 | 10.69 | |
| David Tosul | National United Party | 641 | 9.31 | |
| Noel Tamata | People's Progressive Party | 522 | 7.58 | |
| Luke F. Warry | Union of Moderate Parties | 520 | 7.55 | |
| Gaetano Bulewak | Green Confederation | 514 | 7.47 | |
| Richard Kaentoh Tab | Vanua'aku Pati | 443 | 6.44 | |
| Ezekiel Bule | Melanesian Progressive Party | 376 | 5.46 | |
| Michel Buleman | Vanuatu Republican Party | 339 | 4.93 | |
| John Hari Leo | National United Party | 329 | 4.78 | |
| Wilfred Tabino | Independent | 295 | 4.29 | |
| Benedick Boulekone | Vanuatu National Party | 288 | 4.18 | |
| Salathiel Tabi | National United Party | 249 | 3.62 | |
| Raphael Leo | Vanuatu National Party | 249 | 3.62 | |
| Michael Ture | Independent | 168 | 2.44 | |
| Frazer Sine | Independent | 118 | 1.71 | |
| Graim Takasum | Vanuatu National Party | 87 | 1.26 | |
| Tariroroi Philip Gihiala | Independent | 29 | 0.42 | |
| John Tarisine | Independent | 24 | 0.35 | |
| Total | 6,883 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 6,883 | 97.41 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 183 | 2.59 | ||
| Total votes | 7,066 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 9,947 | 71.04 | ||
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Edward Natapei | Vanua'aku Pati | 950 | 7.94 | |
| Pierre Tore | Independent | 932 | 7.79 | |
| Maxime Carlot Korman | Vanuatu Republican Party | 803 | 6.71 | |
| Henri Taga | Union of Moderate Parties | 796 | 6.65 | |
| Moana Carcasses Kalosil | Green Confederation | 782 | 6.54 | |
| Willie Jimmy | National United Party | 738 | 6.17 | |
| Avock Paul Hunga | Vanuatu National Party | 626 | 5.23 | |
| Alick George Noel | Union of Moderate Parties | 613 | 5.12 | |
| Dinh Van Than | Vanuatu National Party | 538 | 4.50 | |
| Ephraim Kalsakau | Vanuatu Labour Party | 527 | 4.41 | |
| Paul Ben Mariwot | Independent | 437 | 3.65 | |
| Nato Taiwia | Melanesian Progressive Party | 392 | 3.28 | |
| Job Dalesa | Vanua'aku Pati | 353 | 2.95 | |
| Elizabeth Qualau | People's Action Party | 347 | 2.90 | |
| Abel Louis | Union of Moderate Parties | 320 | 2.67 | |
| Yoan Mariasua | Vanua K Group | 318 | 2.66 | |
| Natonga Colin | National Community Association | 302 | 2.52 | |
| Joseph Joel | Independent | 255 | 2.13 | |
| Eric Pakoa Marakiwola | Independent | 223 | 1.86 | |
| Reuben Rex | Independent | 223 | 1.86 | |
| Abi Jack Marikempo | Independent | 188 | 1.57 | |
| Alfred Baniuri | People's Progressive Party | 181 | 1.51 | |
| Wendy Himford | Independent | 176 | 1.47 | |
| Hilda Lini | Independent | 170 | 1.42 | |
| Peter Sali Souvai | Independent | 156 | 1.30 | |
| Clement Leo | Vanua K Group | 116 | 0.97 | |
| John Path | Vanua K Group | 95 | 0.79 | |
| Harry Klafer Fantaly | Independent | 76 | 0.64 | |
| Christian Gau Sau Wilson | Vanua K Group | 58 | 0.48 | |
| Blandine Bulekon | Independent | 56 | 0.47 | |
| Cyriaque Mele | Independent | 49 | 0.41 | |
| Basil Hopkins | Independent | 49 | 0.41 | |
| Hendon Kalsakau | Independent | 47 | 0.39 | |
| Ruth Dovo | Independent | 45 | 0.38 | |
| Guillaume Leingkone | Independent | 26 | 0.22 | |
| Total | 11,963 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 11,963 | 98.62 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 167 | 1.38 | ||
| Total votes | 12,130 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 18,970 | 63.94 | ||
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arnold Prasad | Green Confederation | 1,201 | 10.51 | |
| Serge Vohor | Union of Moderate Parties | 1,143 | 10.00 | |
| John Lum | Independent | 900 | 7.87 | |
| Sela Molisa | Vanua'aku Pati | 713 | 6.24 | |
| Philip Andikar | Independent | 704 | 6.16 | |
| Sandie Iavcuth | National United Party | 689 | 6.03 | |
| Marcellino Pipite | Vanuatu Republican Party | 678 | 5.93 | |
| Jean Ravou Aku Komoule | Independent | 586 | 5.13 | |
| Albert Ravutia | Friend Melanesian Party | 573 | 5.01 | |
| John Tari Molibaraf | Vanuatu National Party | 509 | 4.45 | |
| Frank Tom Sokarai | Vanua'aku Pati | 434 | 3.80 | |
| Denis Philip | Union of Moderate Parties | 431 | 3.77 | |
| Shem Kalo | National United Party | 427 | 3.74 | |
| John Noel | Vanua'aku Pati | 403 | 3.53 | |
| Franky Moli Stevens | Nagriamel | 333 | 2.91 | |
| Remy Vatambe | Melanesian Progressive Party | 321 | 2.81 | |
| Imbert Jimmys | Union of Moderate Parties | 288 | 2.52 | |
| Jean-Alain Mahé | Union of Moderate Parties | 278 | 2.43 | |
| Sylverio Takataveti | Independent | 199 | 1.74 | |
| Jimmy Nakato Stevens | Independent | 165 | 1.44 | |
| Tony Naliupis | People's Action Party | 160 | 1.40 | |
| Edmond Hajuju | Vanuatu National Party | 149 | 1.30 | |
| Ben Rovu | Independent | 74 | 0.65 | |
| Yersel Joris Paul | Nagriamel | 72 | 0.63 | |
| Total | 11,430 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 11,430 | 97.90 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 245 | 2.10 | ||
| Total votes | 11,675 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 15,999 | 72.97 | ||
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Toara Daniel | Union of Moderate Parties | 541 | 57.37 | |
| Shem Claude Masorangi | Vanua'aku Pati | 253 | 26.83 | |
| Robert B. Samuel | People's Progressive Party | 126 | 13.36 | |
| Obed Roy | Independent | 23 | 2.44 | |
| Total | 943 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 943 | 97.12 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 28 | 2.88 | ||
| Total votes | 971 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 1,103 | 88.03 | ||
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Louis Etap | Independent | 965 | 7.57 | |
| Joe Natuman | Vanua'aku Pati | 872 | 6.84 | |
| Morkin Steven | National United Party | 813 | 6.38 | |
| Bob Loughman | Independent | 781 | 6.12 | |
| Keasipai Song | National Community Association | 773 | 6.06 | |
| Isaac Judah | Union of Moderate Parties | 765 | 6.00 | |
| Moses Kahu | Vanua'aku Pati | 701 | 5.50 | |
| Isaac Nauka | Green Confederation | 686 | 5.38 | |
| Posen Willie | Union of Moderate Parties | 685 | 5.37 | |
| Martin Iapatu | Union of Moderate Parties | 619 | 4.85 | |
| Jimmy Nicklam | Vanua'aku Pati | 543 | 4.26 | |
| Francois Koapa | Union of Moderate Parties | 491 | 3.85 | |
| Gedion Nampas | Independent | 477 | 3.74 | |
| Samuel Pusai | Independent | 436 | 3.42 | |
| Andrew Namhat Kausiama | Vanua K Group | 398 | 3.12 | |
| Tom Nipiau | People's Progressive Party | 357 | 2.80 | |
| Harris Naunun | Green Confederation | 356 | 2.79 | |
| Kapalu Saupat | National Community Association | 332 | 2.60 | |
| Mickael Nalao | Independent | 304 | 2.38 | |
| Simon Kaukar | Independent | 238 | 1.87 | |
| Joel Mila Joseph | John Frum Movement | 230 | 1.80 | |
| Yawah Tom Leong | Green Confederation | 210 | 1.65 | |
| Willie Lop | Vanuatu Republican Party | 209 | 1.64 | |
| Kaso Inam | Independent | 207 | 1.62 | |
| Hosea Jack Kangaru | Independent | 193 | 1.51 | |
| Henry Naieu | Independent | 82 | 0.64 | |
| Henry Iauko | Melanesian Progressive Party | 25 | 0.20 | |
| Pita Etap | Independent | 4 | 0.03 | |
| Total | 12,752 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 17,985 | – | ||
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tom Seule | National United Party | 458 | 38.78 | |
| Peter Morris | Independent | 229 | 19.39 | |
| Willie Rueben Titongoa | Vanua'aku Pati | 225 | 19.05 | |
| Edward Kalo Toara | Union of Moderate Parties | 165 | 13.97 | |
| John Mark Bell | Independent | 104 | 8.81 | |
| Total | 1,181 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 1,181 | 97.04 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 36 | 2.96 | ||
| Total votes | 1,217 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 1,748 | 69.62 | ||
See also
References
- ^ "Women call for change in perception" Archived 2011-03-17 at the Wayback Machine, Lora Lini, Vanuatu Daily Post, 4 February 2009
- ^ "Republic of Vanuatu Official Gazette No. 20" (PDF). 19 July 2004.

