Ammonia (genus)

Ammonia
	Ammonia tepida
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Clade:	Sar
Clade:	Rhizaria
Phylum:	Retaria
Subphylum:	Foraminifera
Class:	Globothalamea
Order:	Rotaliida
Family:	Ammoniidae
Subfamily:	Ammoniinae
Genus:	; Brünnich, 1772
Type species
	Nautilus beccarii; Linnaeus, 1758
Species
	Ammonia aberdoveyensis Haynes, 1973; Ammonia abramovichae Hayward & Holzmann, 2021; Ammonia advena (Cushman, 1922); Ammonia akitaae Hayward, Frenzel & Holzmann, 2021; Ammonia aoteana (Finlay, 1940); Ammonia arabica Kaushik, 2021; Ammonia ariakensis Akimoto, 2002; Ammonia batava (Hofker, 1951); Ammonia beccarii (Linnaeus, 1758); Ammonia bellaria Schönfeld, Beccari, Schmidt & Spezzaferri, 2021; Ammonia bradyi (Billman, Hottinger & Oesterle, 1980); Ammonia buzasi Hayward & Holzmann, 2021; Ammonia caspica Shchedrina in Mayer, 1968; Ammonia collinsi (Parr, 1932); Ammonia confertitesta Zheng, 1978; Ammonia convexa (Collins, 1958); Ammonia convexidorsa Zheng, 1978; Ammonia corallinarum (d'Orbigny in Deshayes, 1832); Ammonia debenayi Hayward & Holzmann, 2019; Ammonia decorata Golik, 1977; Ammonia differens McCulloch, 1977; Ammonia dilucida Shchedrina, 1984; Ammonia fajemilai Hayward & Holzmann, 2021; Ammonia falsobeccarii (Rouvillois, 1974); Ammonia glans Shchedrina, 1984; Ammonia goldsteinae Hayward & Holzmann, 2021; Ammonia goodayi Hayward & Holzmann, 2021; Ammonia haigi Hayward & Holzmann, 2021; Ammonia hattai Hayward & Holzmann, 2021; Ammonia heterogenea (Shchedrina, 1984); Ammonia irridescens (Arnal, 1958); Ammonia jacksoni Buzas, Smith & Beem, 1977; Ammonia japonica (Hada, 1931); Ammonia jorisseni Hayward, Holzmann & Renjaan, 2021; Ammonia justinparkeri Hayward & Holzmann, 2021; Ammonia karadagica (Dolgopolskaya & Pauli, 1931); Ammonia ketienziensis (Ishizaki, 1943); Ammonia kitazatoi Hayward & Holzmann, 2021; Ammonia morleyae Hayward & Holzmann, 2021; Ammonia moroensis Hofker, 1978; Ammonia neobeccarii Shchedrina & Mayer, 1975; Ammonia parasovica Shchedrina & Mayer, 1975; Ammonia parkinsoniana (d'Orbigny, 1839); Ammonia pauciloculata (Phleger & Parker, 1951); Ammonia paucipora Zheng, 1979; Ammonia pawlowskii Hayward & Holzmann, 2019; Ammonia rolshauseni (Cushman & Bermúdez, 1946); Ammonia rugulosa Parker, 2009; Ammonia shchedrinae Hayward & Holzmann, 2021; Ammonia sobrina (Shupack, 1934); Ammonia tepida (Cushman, 1926); Ammonia turgida (Hofker, 1951); Ammonia venecpeyreae Hayward & Holzmann, 2019; Ammonia veneta (Schultze, 1854);
Synonyms
	Challengerella Billman, Hottinger & Oesterle, 1980; Hammonia Soldani, 1789; Pseudohelenina Collins, 1974; Rolshausenia Bermúdez, 1952; Rotalia (Turbinuline) ; Strebloides Bermúdez & Seiglie, 1963; Streblus Fischer de Waldheim, 1817; Turbinulina Risso, 1826;

*Ammonia beccarii*, showing characteristic coiled shell

Ammonia is a genus of marine foraminifers. It is one of the most abundant foraminifer genera worldwide and is found in sheltered, shallow marine intertidal environments, sometimes in brackish waters.^[2]

Species

The classification of the genus Ammonia in species is controversial. While several different forms exist, many authors consider the genus to consist of a single species, Ammonia beccarii, with many ecophenotypes. However, recent molecular studies revealed that the genus consists of many species, although they may be difficult to discriminate based on morphology.^[3]

Based on a comparison between molecular results and morphology, the following species appear to be valid:

Ammonia aberdoveyensis Haynes, 1973
Ammonia aomoriensis (Asano, 1951)
Ammonia aoteana (Finlay, 1940)
Ammonia batava (Hofker, 1951)
Ammonia beccarii (Linnaeus, 1758)
Ammonia convexa (Collins, 1958)
Ammonia irridescens (Arnal, 1958) (maybe a synonym of A. tepida)
Ammonia limnetes (Todd & Bronnimann, 1957)
Ammonia sobrina (Shupack, 1934)
Ammonia tepida (Cushman, 1926)

Additionally, several other molecular types have been discovered that do not match any of the described species and thus possibly represent new taxa.^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b Hayward, B.W.; Le Coze, F.; Vachard, D.; Gross, O. (2024). World Foraminifera Database. Ammonia Brünnich, 1771. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=112078 on 16 June 2024
^ Walton, W. R.; Sloan, B. J. (1990). "The genus Ammonia Bruennich, 1772; its geographic distribution and morphologic variability". The Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 20 (2): 128–156. Bibcode:1990JForR..20..128W. doi:10.2113/gsjfr.20.2.128. ISSN 0096-1191.
^ ^a ^b Hayward, Bruce W.; Holzmann, Maria; Grenfell, Hugh R.; Pawlowski, Jan; Triggs, Chris M. (2004). "Morphological distinction of molecular types in Ammonia – towards a taxonomic revision of the world's most commonly misidentified foraminifera". Marine Micropaleontology. 50 (3–4): 237–271. Bibcode:2004MarMP..50..237H. doi:10.1016/S0377-8398(03)00074-4. ISSN 0377-8398.

[WORMS-1] Hayward, B.W.; Le Coze, F.; Vachard, D.; Gross, O. (2024). World Foraminifera Database. Ammonia Brünnich, 1771. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=112078 on 16 June 2024

[Walton1990-2] Walton, W. R.; Sloan, B. J. (1990). "The genus Ammonia Bruennich, 1772; its geographic distribution and morphologic variability". The Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 20 (2): 128–156. Bibcode:1990JForR..20..128W. doi:10.2113/gsjfr.20.2.128. ISSN 0096-1191.

[Hayward2004-3] Hayward, Bruce W.; Holzmann, Maria; Grenfell, Hugh R.; Pawlowski, Jan; Triggs, Chris M. (2004). "Morphological distinction of molecular types in Ammonia – towards a taxonomic revision of the world's most commonly misidentified foraminifera". Marine Micropaleontology. 50 (3–4): 237–271. Bibcode:2004MarMP..50..237H. doi:10.1016/S0377-8398(03)00074-4. ISSN 0377-8398.

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