Arsenic triazide
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Other names
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3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChemSpider | |
PubChem CID | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
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| Properties | |
| As(N3)3 | |
| Molar mass | 200.98 g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid[1] |
| Density | 2.33 g/cm3[1] |
| Melting point | 37 °C (99 °F; 310 K)[1] |
| Boiling point | 62 °C (144 °F; 335 K)[1] (decomposition) |
| Reacts | |
| Structure[1][2] | |
| Monoclinic | |
| P21/c | |
| Cs | |
a = 7.33 Å, b = 11.72 Å, c = 6.99 Å α = 90°, β = 107.2°, γ = 90° | |
Lattice volume (V) | 572.8 Å3 |
| Tetrahedral (gas phase) | |
| Trigonal pyramidal (gas phase) | |
| Related compounds | |
Other cations | Phosphorus triazide Antimony triazide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references | |
Arsenic triazide is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula As(N3)3. It is a toxic, shock-sensitive, and friction-sensitive white solid that melts at 37 °C and explodes on further heating. Due to its toxicity and sensitivity, it has no commercial uses.[1]
Synthesis and structure
Arsenic triazide was first synthesized by Thomas M. Klapötke in 1995 by the reaction of arsenic trichloride and sodium azide in trichlorofluoromethane at 0 °C:[3]
- AsCl3 + 3 NaN3 → As(N3)3 + 3 NaCl
A purer product was obtained by another synthesis route by Karl O. Christe in 2004 by the reaction of arsenic trifluoride and trimethylsilyl azide.[1]
Both in the gas and solid phase, arsenic triazide adopts a trigonal pyramidal geometry around the arsenic atom with a bond angle of 88.3°; this low bond angle is attributed to the major p-character of the bonding orbitals. The point group is C3, meaning that the azide groups are not equivalent. However, in the solid phase, arsenic triazide attains a coordination number of 7, different from the gas phase, which has a coordination number of 4.[1][2]
Complexes
Related azido arsenic(III) complexes are known, such as the tetraazidoarsenate(III) anion (As(N3)4–), which is found in tetramethylammonium tetraazidoarsenate(III).[4]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h Ralf Haiges; Ashwani Vij; Jerry A. Boatz; Stefan Schneider; Thorsten Schroer; Michael Gerken; Karl O. Christe (2004). "First Structural Characterization of Binary AsIII and SbIII Azides". Chemistry: A European Journal. 10 (2): 508–517. doi:10.1002/chem.200305482. PMID 14735519.
- ^ a b Zeng Xiaoqing; Wang Weigang; Liu Fengyi; Ge Maofa; Sun Zheng; Wang Dianxun (2006). "Electronic Structure of Binary Phosphoric and Arsenic Triazides". European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry (2): 416–421. doi:10.1002/ejic.200500720.
- ^ Thomas M. Klapötke; Petra Geissler (1995). "Preparation and characterization of the first binary arsenic azide species: As(N3)3 and [As(N3)4][AsF6]". Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions (20): 3365–3366. doi:10.1039/DT9950003365.
- ^ Konstantin Karaghiosoff; Thomas M. Klapötke; Burkhard Krumm; Heinrich Nöth; Thomas Schütt; Max Suter (2002). "Experimental and Theoretical Characterization of Cationic, Neutral, and Anionic Binary Arsenic and Antimony Azide Species". Inorganic Chemistry. 41 (2): 170–179. doi:10.1021/ic010463l. PMID 11800605.