Lanthanum(III) sulfate
| Names | |
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Other names
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.030.204 |
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PubChem CID | |
| UNII | |
| UN number | 4636PY459O |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
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| Properties | |
| La2(SO4)3 | |
| Molar mass | 566.00 g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid[1] |
| Density | 2.82 g/cm3 (nonahydrate) |
| Melting point | 775 °C (1,427 °F; 1,048 K)[2] (decomposition) |
| 2.7 g/100 mL (20 °C, nonahydrate)[1] | |
| Solubility | insoluble in ethanol[1] |
| Structure[3] | |
| hexagonal | |
| P63 | |
a = 11.01 Å, c = 8.08 Å | |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling:[1] | |
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| Warning | |
| H315, H319, H335 | |
| P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions | Lanthanum(III) nitrate |
Other cations | Cerium(III) sulfate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references | |
Lanthanum(III) sulfate is an inorganic compound with the formula La2(SO4)3·xH2O (0 ≥ x ≥ 9). It forms various hydrates, the most common one being the nonahydrate, which are all white solids. It is an intermediate in producing lanthanum from its ores.[4]
Preparation and reactions
The nonahydrate is produced by dissolving lanthanum or lanthanum hydroxide in dilute sulfuric acid, then evaporating the solution:[5]
- 2 La + 3 H2SO4 → La2(SO4)3 + 3 H2
The anhydrous compound can be produced by heating the hydrates to 300 °C. If heated further, anhydrous lanthanum(III) sulfate decomposes to La2O2SO4 at 775 °C, which in turn decomposes to lanthanum(III) oxide at 1100 °C.[2]
Structure
The nonahydrate crystallizes in a hexagonal crystal system, which contains the lanthanum atoms in two different environments.[3]
References
- ^ a b c Haynes, William, ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (93rd ed.). CRC Press. p. 4-70. ISBN 9781439880500.
- ^ a b James A. Poston Jr.; Ranjani V. Siriwardane; Edward P. Fisher; Angela L. Miltz (2003). "Thermal decomposition of the rare earth sulfates of cerium(III), cerium(IV), lanthanum(III) and samarium(III)". Applied Surface Science. 214 (1–4): 83–102. Bibcode:2003ApSS..214...83P. doi:10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00358-1.
- ^ a b Elizabeth Gebert Sherry (1976). "The structure of Pr2(SO4)3 · 8H2O and La2(SO4)3 · 9H2O". Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 19 (3): 271–279. doi:10.1016/0022-4596(76)90177-8.
- ^ Greenwood & Earnshaw (1984), pp. 1426–1429
- ^ Richard A. Vanderpool; Masood A. Khan; Roger Frech (1991). "Structure and Raman spectra of single crystal La2(SO4)3 · 8H2O". Journal of Molecular Structure. 245 (3–4): 255–273. doi:10.1016/0022-2860(91)87101-M.
Bibliography
- Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1984). Chemistry of the Elements. Oxford: Pergamon Press. ISBN 978-0-08-022057-4.