List of countries in Europe by military expenditures

This article lists military spending in European countries by varying methods including as a percentage of GDP per capita and as a total capital expenditure as listed by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute unless otherwise stated or cited.

The share of total expenditure, the average defence spending was 2.7 % in 2023 in the EU and 2.5% in the euro area. As a share of GDP the average was 1.3% in the EU and 1.2% in the euro area.[1]

Total defence expenditure of the European Defence Agency (EDA) Member States was €279 billion in 2023, which was 1.6% of the 27 EDA Member States’ GDP.[2]

As a percentage of GDP

The European Union European Defence Agency member state average spend on defence as a percentage of GDP was 1.6% in 2023.[2]

Key
NATO member
Country Percentage of GDP expenditure, 2024[3]
Albania Albania 2.04%
Andorra Andorra [a]
Armenia Armenia 5.48%
Austria Austria 1.00%
Azerbaijan Azerbaijan 4.99%
Belarus Belarus 2.07%
Belgium Belgium 1.28%
Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.75%
Bulgaria Bulgaria 2.15%
Croatia Croatia 1.79%
Cyprus Cyprus 1.65%
Czech Republic Czech Republic 1.92%
Denmark Denmark 2.42%
Estonia Estonia 3.37%
Finland Finland 2.30%
France France 2.05%
Georgia (country) Georgia 1.86%
Germany Germany 1.89%
Greece Greece 3.13%
Hungary Hungary 2.16%
Iceland Iceland [b]
Republic of Ireland Ireland 0.24%
Italy Italy 1.61%
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan 2.43%
Kosovo Kosovo 1.48%
Latvia Latvia 3.26%
Liechtenstein Liechtenstein 0.4%[6][c]
Lithuania Lithuania 3.12%
Luxembourg Luxembourg 0.96%
Malta Malta 0.45%
Moldova Moldova 0.60%
Monaco Monaco [d]
Montenegro Montenegro 1.83%
Netherlands Netherlands 1.92%
North Macedonia North Macedonia 2.10%
Norway Norway 2.09%
Poland Poland 4.15%
Portugal Portugal 1.53%
Romania Romania 2.30%
Russia Russia 7.05%
San Marino San Marino [e]
Serbia Serbia 2.60%
Slovakia Slovakia 2.01%
Slovenia Slovenia 1.31%
Spain Spain 1.51%
Sweden Sweden 1.43%
Switzerland Switzerland 0.72%
Turkey Turkey 1.92%
Ukraine Ukraine 34.48%
United Kingdom United Kingdom 2.28%
Vatican City Vatican City [e]

By total capital expenditure

Key
NATO member
Country US $m in 2024[3]
Albania Albania 535.5
Andorra Andorra [a]
Armenia Armenia 1,418.0
Austria Austria 5,258.7
Azerbaijan Azerbaijan 3,777.1
Belarus Belarus 1,491.4
Belgium Belgium 8,561.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina 216.0
Bulgaria Bulgaria 2,329.8
Croatia Croatia 1,629.1
Cyprus Cyprus 598.2
Czech Republic Czech Republic 6,524.9
Denmark Denmark 9,958.9
Estonia Estonia 1,441.9
Finland Finland 6,987.8
France France 64,675.0
Georgia (country) Georgia 615.9
Germany Germany 88,458.5
Greece Greece 8,022.0
Hungary Hungary 4,734.7
Iceland Iceland [b]
Republic of Ireland Ireland 1,330.5
Italy Italy 37,964.6
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan 1,209.0
Kosovo Kosovo 165.6
Latvia Latvia 1,425.7
Liechtenstein Liechtenstein [c]
Lithuania Lithuania 2,627.5
Luxembourg Luxembourg 871.6
Malta Malta 109.3
Moldova Moldova 110.7
Monaco Monaco [d]
Montenegro Montenegro 150.0
Netherlands Netherlands 23,179.2
North Macedonia North Macedonia 353.7
Norway Norway 10,435.3
Poland Poland 38,000.7
Portugal Portugal 4,641.6
Romania Romania 8,715.7
Russia Russia 148,967.3
San Marino San Marino [e]
Serbia Serbia 2,322.8
Slovakia Slovakia 2,849.2
Slovenia Slovenia 951.9
Spain Spain 24,615.4
Sweden Sweden 12,040.3
Switzerland Switzerland 6,722.3
Turkey Turkey 24,978.7
Ukraine Ukraine 64,705.0
United Kingdom United Kingdom 81,763.2
Vatican City Vatican City [e]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Government expenditure on defence". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2025-05-12.
  2. ^ a b "Defence Data Portal". Default. 2024-12-04. Retrieved 2025-01-18.
  3. ^ a b "SIPRI Milex". milex.sipri.org. Archived from the original on 2025-05-03. Retrieved 2025-05-12.
  4. ^ "Andorra", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-10-19, retrieved 2023-10-27
  5. ^ "Iceland", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-11-06, retrieved 2023-11-12
  6. ^ O’Riordan, Sean (2018-06-08). "Ireland's defence spending is lowest in Europe at 0.3% of GDP". Irish Examiner. Retrieved 2023-10-27.
  7. ^ "Monaco (08/05)". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 2023-10-27.
  8. ^ "San Marino", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-10-19, retrieved 2023-10-27
  9. ^ "Holy See (Vatican City)", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-11-01, retrieved 2023-11-12
  10. ^ "Liechtenstein", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-10-19, retrieved 2023-10-27

Footnotes

  1. ^ a b Defence is the responsibility of France and Spain.[4]
  2. ^ a b Defence is the responsibility of NATO.[5]
  3. ^ a b No regular military forces.[10]
  4. ^ a b Defence is the responsibility of France.[7]
  5. ^ a b c d Defence is the responsibility of Italy.[8][9]
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