Shuangfeng dialect

Shuangfeng dialect
Shuangfeng dialect
雙峰話
Native to	China
Region	Shuangfeng, Hunan province
Language family	Sino-Tibetan Sinitic Xiang Old Xiang (Lou-Shao) Shuangfeng dialect; ; ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
Linguist List	hsn-luo
Glottolog	shua1258

The Shuangfeng dialect (simplified Chinese: 双峰话; traditional Chinese: 雙峰話; pinyin: Shuāngfēnghuà) is a dialect of Xiang Chinese, spoken in Shuangfeng County, Hunan province, China.

Phonology

Consonants

Consonants of the Shuangfeng dialect
		bilabial	alveolar	alveolo-palatal	retroflex	velar
nasal		m	n	ɲ		ŋ
plosives	voiced	b	d			ɡ
	voiceless unaspirated	p	t			k
	voiceless aspirated	pʰ	tʰ			kʰ
fricatives	voiced					ɣ
fricatives	voiceless		s	ɕ	ʂ	x
affricates	voiced		dz	dʑ	dʐ
	voiceless unaspirated		ts	tɕ	tʂ
	voiceless aspirated		tsʰ	tɕʰ	tʂʰ
lateral approximants			l

Vowels

Vowels/Combinations of the Shuangfeng dialect
		Oral						Nasal
Medial		∅	coda	a	e	i	u	n	ŋ	∅	i
Nucleus	∅						əu		ɒŋ	æ̃
	Vowel	i		ia	ie			iɛn	iɒŋ	ĩ	iĩ
		y		ya	ye			yɛn
		a						an
		e
		o	io
		ɤ	iɤ
		ʊ	iʊ
		u		ua	ue	ui		uan			uĩ
Syllabic		ɹ̩						n̩		m̩
Syllabic		ɻ̩

Tones

Phonemically, Shuangfeng dialect has three tones. Phonetically, however, the pitch of a syllable depends on the voicing of the initial consonant so the tones are counted as five:

Tone chart of the Shuangfeng dialect
Tone number	Tone name	Tone contour	Description
1	yin ping (陰平)	˥ (55)	high
2	yang ping (陽平)	˨˧ (23)	low rising
3	shang sheng (上聲)	˨˩ (21)	low
4	yin qu (陰去)	˧˥ (35)	high rising
5	yang qu (陽去)	˧ (33)	mid

References

Běijīng dàxué zhōngguó yǔyán wénxué xì yǔyán xué jiàoyánshì. (1989) Hànyǔ fāngyīn zìhuì. Běijīng: Wénzì gǎigé chūbǎn shè.(北京大學中國語言文學系語言學教研室. 1989. 漢語方音字匯. 北京: 文字改革出版社)
Coblin, W. South. (2011). Comparative Phonology of the Central Xiāng Dialects. Taipei: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica.
Norman, Jerry. [1988] (2002). Chinese. Cambridge, England: CUP ISBN 0-521-29653-6
Wu, Yunji. (2005). A Synchronic and diachronic study of the grammar of the Chinese Xiang dialects. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter. ISBN 3-11-018366-8
Yuán, jiāhuá (1989). Hànyǔ fāngyán gàiyào (An introduction to Chinese dialects). Beijing, China: Wénzì gǎigé chūbǎn shè. (袁家驊. 1989. 漢語方言概要. 北京:文字改革出版社.)

External links

Cantonese and other dialects (in Chinese)
Classification of Xiang Dialects from Glossika