Fans separated at an Old Firm  derby in Glasgow , Scotland A sports rivalry  is intense competition between athletic teams or athletes, affecting participants,[ 1] supporters  all to varying degrees. 
One of the first known sports rivalries occurred in the Roman Empire  between the Blues and the Greens, and the minor teams of the Reds and Whites, each of which were chariot racing clubs competing at the Hippodrome  in Constantinople . The rivalry took on political tones as well, coming close to deposing the Roman Emperor  Justinian  in 532 CE in a riot  and the suppression of the riot killed tens of thousands of people. 
Owners have been known to encourage rivalries as they tend to improve game attendance and television ratings  for rivalry matches. Clubs can reduce fan aggression surrounding rivalry games by acknowledging rather than downplaying the conflict[ 2] [ 3] 
Games between two rivals that are based in areas of close geographical proximity are often known as a local derby , or simply just a derby  ( DAR -beeDUR -beeassociation football [ 4] [ 5] Derby , was not only England’s major sporting event but also a huge social occasion. 
For example, the Western Times, 2 June 1860, refers to a race meeting at Haldon, Exeter, as their "local Derby Day." The Hull Packet, 31 May 1861, calls the Beverley, Hull and East Riding Races "our local Derby." It would appear that the term was already in use elsewhere in the world - The Ballarat Star (Victoria, Australia), 6 December 1860 edition, mentions that races in Dowling Forest were "the local Derby day." 
The metaphor evidently seeped into common usage, as non-racing events also earned the epithet. An athletic club fete in Croydon (Norwood News, 22 May 1869), a rowing regatta at Bathgate, Scotland (Lothian Courier, 26 September 1874) and even a hotly-contested local government election (Croydon Advertiser, 27 February 1875) were all described as a local Derby. 
As club football (Rugby and Association codes) gained popularity in the 1870s and 1880s the phrase migrated to that pastime. The Preston Herald of 14 March 1883 said of a fixture between Low Moor and Clitheroe that "when it becomes known that the clubs are likely to meet, popular feeling runs high - so high, in fact, that the occasional is recognised as the local Derby day". 
The Epsom Derby being an annual event, early usage tended to refer only to the biggest occasion of the year in a certain location - the Widnes Weekly News (16 March 1889) was moved to describe a match between Widnes FC and the touring New Zealand Native touring rugby team as "the great day of the season at Widnes - the local Derby." However, in football terms, the emphasis in the phrase had already shifted from the Derby aspect (a red letter day in the sporting or social calendar) to the local element - any football match involving nearby clubs, no matter how relatively unimportant the fixture might otherwise be. Hence the Burnley Express (15 December 1888) felt able to report that "for three weeks in succession the Langroyd team will be engaged in local "Derbies." First of all, Union Star; then Nelson, at Seed Hill; and afterwards Brierfield at Colne." 
In rugby football, an early example of the term for that code appears in the Wigan Observer of 11 December 1885 which noted that "the local "Derby" in the football circles of Pemberton was brought off on Saturday last, when Highfield and Pemberton met." 
Since at least as early as 1840 'derby' has been used as a noun in English to denote any kind of sporting contest.[ 6] Clásicos  in certain parts of the world and crosstown rivalries  in the United States. 
The intensity of the rivalry can range anywhere from a light hearted banter  to serious violence. A rivalry that gets out of control can lead to fighting , hooliganism , rioting  and some instances with career-ending and even fatal consequences. In the "Football War ", along with other factors, it was suggested to have been the tipping point in leading to military conflicts. 
Rivalries do not always stem from the sharing of an area. Hostilities can occur for different reasons, such as in the case of El Clásico  with tensions between fans with a background of political differences. Frequent meetings in important games between teams can also lead to unpleasantries. 
 
 
International rivalries   
   
Individual   
Team   
  
Badminton  
Individuals   
International     1st party  2nd party  Timespan  Article  Source     Indonesia China 1990s–present     
  In Swedish bandy, derby games are often played on Saint Stephen's Day .[ 37] 
  
Dominican Republic  
Dominican Professional Baseball League   [ 38] [ 39] 
 
Japan  
Nippon Professional Baseball  
Central League   
Pacific League  
Mixture   
South Korea  
KBO League   
Taiwan  
Chinese Professional Baseball League   
Mexico  
Mexican Baseball League   
Mexican Pacific League   
Major League Baseball   
Minor League Baseball   
Venezuela  
Venezuelan Professional Baseball League   
Cuba  
Cuban National Series    
Argentina   
Australia   
Croatia   
China   Guangdong has 11 CBA league titles, more than any other team in history, so it is very evident that they would have a lot of rivalries within the CBA. 
 
France   
Germany   
Greece   
Hong Kong  These are active Hong Kong A1  rivalries: 
  These are high school sports rivalries, but are primarily contested in basketball: 
  
Israel   
Italy   
Japan   
Korea Republic   
Lebanon   
Lithuania   
North Macedonia   
Philippines  
Philippine Basketball Association   
Historical   
Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League   
College basketball  
UAAP   
NCAA Philippines   
CESAFI   
Poland   
Russia   
Slovenia   
Serbia   
Spain   
Taiwan    
Turkey   
United Kingdom   
United States and Canada  
National Basketball Association   
Individuals         
Individual   
Team         
International   
Domestic  
Australia   
Bangladesh   
England   
India   
New Zealand   
Pakistan   
Sri Lanka             
Esports         
  
  
Individual   
 
Mexico  ONEFA /CONADEIP (National College Association of American Football/National College Sports Commission of Private Institutions)[ 212] 
  
United States   
Canada   
      
Austria   
Belarus   
Belgium  Liège  derbies: ROC Flémalle vs. Union Beynoise  ROC Flémalle   vs. Jeunesse Jemeppe (previously vs. Progrès HC Seraing).  Union Beynoise   vs. HC Herstal.  JS Herstal   vs. HC Herstal.  Union Beynoise vs. HC Visé BM . Germanophone  derby : HC Eynatten-Raeren vs. KTSV Eupen 1889Limburg  derbies: HB Sint-Truiden vs. Initia HC Hasselt  vs. United HC Tongeren vs. Achilles Bocholt  vs. Sporting Neerpelt-Lommel vs. Kreasa HB Houthalen vs. DHC Meeuwen.Antwerp  derbies: KV Sasja HC Hoboken  vs. Olse Merksem HC vs. DHW Antwerpen vs. HV Uilenspiegel Wilrijk.Hainuyé derby: EHC Tournai vs. Entente du Centre CLH  Flanders  derby: HC DB Gent vs. HKW WaasmunsterBrussels  derby: HC Kraainem vs. United Brussels HCCharleroi  derby: SHC Mont-sur-Marchienne vs. HBC Charleroi-Ransart
Croatia   
Denmark   
France   
Germany   
Israel   
Hungary   
Macedonia   
Poland  Lomza Vive Kielce vs. Orlen Wisla Plock 
 
Portugal   
Romania   
Russia   
Serbia   
Slovenia   
Spain   
Sweden   
Ukraine      
Multinational    
North America      
Junior     
College    
Europe   
Austria   
Czech Republic   
Finland   
France   
Germany   
Italy  Hockey Club Torino vs. Hockey Club Valpellice 
Norway   
Poland   
Romania   
Slovakia   
Sweden   
Switzerland   
United Kingdom   
International    
Individual         
Other martial arts         
Drivers and riders        
Australia  
National Rugby League    
State of Origin    
United Kingdom   
International Rugby League   
Individual    
Club Rugby Union  
Australia   
Argentina     1st party  2nd party  Timespan  Derby name  Source     CASI SIC 1935–present  El clasico de San Isidro      
 
Costa Rica     1st party  2nd party  Timespan  Derby name  Source     Stag San José  Universitarios Rugby Club  1980s–present  Superclasico       Universitarios Rugby Club  Liceo CR Waikalas  2000s–present  Student Derby     
 
France   
Ireland   
Italy   
Spain   
New Zealand   
Poland   
United Kingdom   
International Rugby Union         
Alpine skiing   
Biathlon   
Cross-country skiing   
Ski jumping    
Poland   
Scotland           
Libya   
Philippines   
South Korea   
Turkey   
Vietnam   
See also   
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Archived from the original  on 14 December 2007.^ Layden, Tim (9 February 1998). "Born To Luge Georg Hackl is a techno whiz, Markus Prock is a natural athlete. The Olympics have belonged to Hackl, the World Cup circuit to Prock. Now, the final act of one of the greatest, if most obscure, rivalries in sports is about to begin" . Sports Illustrated . Retrieved 14 March  2016 . ^ "Germany, again, will be the team to catch in Olympic luge" . USA Today . Retrieved 3 February  2019 .^ "The Biggest Rivalry in Martial Arts History: BJJ vs Luta Livre | BJJ Heroes" . Retrieved 2 May  2023 .^ The Sad Spectacle of Ken Shamrock: An Aged Legend Dances for Nickels Down Under  Archived  27 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine . Bloody Elbow. Retrieved 5 September 2013.^ a b c d e f g   Sherdog.com. "Sherdog's Top 10: MMA Rivalries – No. 10" . Sherdog . Retrieved 22 November  2017 . ^ "Sherdog's Top 10: Greatest Brazilian Fighters" . Yardbarker . 13 February 2023. 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Autosport . Retrieved 2 April  2016 . ^ "Jaguar Plans" . Motor Sport 33– 37. Retrieved 2 April  2016 .^ "1963 AC Cobra : Lot 283" . Liveauctioneers.com. 14 March 2009. Retrieved 6 October  2012 .^ "FEATURES: Great Rivalries: Chevrolet Camaro vs Ford Mustang" . Automobile Magazine the original  on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 12 February  2010 .^ "NASCAR Sprint Cup: The 20 Biggest Rivalries In NASCAR History" . Bleacher Report . 12 December 2010. Retrieved 6 October  2012 .^ "Motor Sports Photo Library – The Rotary Engine" . MAZDA. Archived from the original  on 22 June 2012. Retrieved 6 October  2012 .^ Gray, Will (21 February 2003). "Formula One: Big two fight rule changes" The Daily Telegraph Archived  from the original on 12 January 2022. ^ Mossop, James (1 March 2001). "Formula One: Big two set to roar right from the off" The Daily Telegraph Archived  from the original on 12 January 2022. ^ "What I'd Do Differently: Dennis Anderson" . Car and Driver . December 2011.^ Tim Tuttle (25 May 2011). "Ganassi-Penske rivalry to flare up at 100th anniversary Indy 500" . Sports Illustrated the original  on 15 February 2013. Retrieved 8 December  2013 . ^ a b   "Epic battles from 50 years of Touring Cars on TV" The Daily Telegraph . 4 February 2014. Archived  from the original on 12 January 2022.^ "Radio Control Car Action" . Rccaraction-digital.com. August 2009. Archived from the original  on 2 June 2015. Retrieved 10 October  2015 .^ Tom Bowles (27 April 2010). "Is the Penske-Hendrick rivalry slowly destroying NASCAR?" . Archived from the original  on 27 April 2010. Retrieved 22 November  2017 . ^ V8 Supercars boss Tony Cochrane  says the Holden-Ford battle – perhaps Australia's most entrenched sporting rivalry – is less relevant to the sport than ever before."Wheels wobbling on Ford-Holden rivalry, says V8 Supercars boss" . Archived from the original  on 25 May 2014. Retrieved 12 February  2010 .  ^ "Chapter 10 – Breaking the Sound Barrier" . Webs.lanset.com. Archived from the original  on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 8 December  2013 .^ "The Audi versus Peugeot war steps up a gear" . Autosport . 17 March 2011. Retrieved 6 October  2012 .^ "Toyota faces challenge from Audi" . ESPN . 15 June 2012. Retrieved 13 June  2023 .^ ^ "The Mercedes-Red Bull rivalry runs far deeper than Hamilton vs Verstappen" . RaceFans . 4 August 2021. Retrieved 15 January  2022 .^ "Indianapolis 500 to welcome heated rivalry and about 300,000 fans" . The Orange County Register . 28 May 2023. Retrieved 9 October  2023 .^ "McLaren send Red Bull 'toe-to-toe' title warning" . Racingnews365 . 6 July 2024. Retrieved 7 July  2024 .^ Gordon Kirby (29 March 2012). "Segrave's record-breaking anniversary – History" . Motor Sport . Retrieved 8 December  2013 . ^ Marr, Andrew (2 October 2009). The Making of Modern Britain ISBN  9780230747173 . ^ "Classic Racing Rivalries: Nuvolari vs. Varzi". Vintage Motorsport . No. 2. March–April 2009. ^ "Cobbs Challenge to Eyston Attempt on Record Roll" . Trove.nla.gov.au. 21 June 1938. Retrieved 8 December  2013 .^ "Utah's "Ugly Duckling" Salt Flats" . Historytogo.utah.gov. Archived from the original  on 25 September 2013. Retrieved 8 December  2013 .^ "8W – When? – Italy 1947" . Forix.com. Retrieved 6 October  2012 .^ "Classic Racing Rivalries: FANGIO vs. MOSS". Vintage Motorsport . May–June 2009. ^ "'The rivalry with Pearson was strictly trying to beat each other,' Petty said. 'There were no confrontations or anything. With Allison, it got to be more personal. We got into personal arguments. You didn't need to with Pearson.'"David Newton (29 August 2008). "Top rivalries marked by crashing cars, flying fists and swinging helmets" . ESPN . Retrieved 16 February  2010 .   ^ "Surpassing these and others is a rivalry forged not so much out of jealousy or bitterness, as much as it was two giants immersed in a supreme struggle for supremacy, because winning is the name of the game. To this observer, the greatest NASCAR rivalry of all time was the ongoing tussle between the man they called "The King," and the ever sly "Silver Fox.""They Call Him "The King," Part III- The Greatest Rivalry" . 27 December 2009. Archived from the original  on 21 January 2010. Retrieved 16 February  2010 .  ^ Ronald Ahrens (August 2009). "FEATURES: Great Rivalries: IRL vs Cart and Breedlove vs Arfons" . Automobile Magazine the original  on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 22 March  2010 . ^ "Tom Green & Wingfoot Express" . The Racing Campbells – Donald & Malcolm Campbell . 21 August 2006. Archived from the original  on 21 August 2006. Retrieved 22 November  2017 .^ "Craig Breedlove sets new land-speed record" . History.com . 15 November 1965. Retrieved 8 December  2013 .^ Ronald Ahrens (August 2009). "Great Rivalries: Don Prudhomme vs Tom McEwen" . Automobile Magazine the original  on 4 September 2010. Retrieved 13 April  2010 . ^ He won what many historians consider to be the greatest Isle of Man race of all time, the 1967 Senior TT. That event pitted him against archrival Giacomo Agostini. "Ago," on the MV Agusta, faced off against "Mike the Bike," on the blazingly fast but ill-handling four-cylinder Honda."Mike Hailwood" . Motorcycle Hall of Fame . Archived from the original  on 24 December 2009. Retrieved 12 February  2010 .  ^ "Great Rivalries: Racing's Best Rivalries" . Automobile Magazine the original  on 25 February 2010. Retrieved 13 April  2010 .^ a b c d e f   "Top 10 racing rivalries" . Visordown.com . 23 June 2014.^ a b   "NASCAR Sprint Cup: The 20 Biggest Rivalries In NASCAR History" . Bleacher Report . 12 December 2010. Retrieved 6 October  2012 .^ "The feud reached a boiling point during the final three laps of a 1972 race at North Wilkesboro (N.C.) Speedway. Petty was leading on Lap 367 when Allison drove low to make a pass. Petty cut him off, using another car to block."David Newton (29 August 2008). "Top rivalries marked by crashing cars, flying fists and swinging helmets" . ESPN . Retrieved 16 February  2010 .   ^ Klaus Ewald (24 July 2006). "Pedro Rodríguez" . Grand Prix Journal . Archived from the original  on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 13 April  2010 . ^ "RACING RIVALS: LAUDA VS. HUNT". Vintage Motorsport . No. Classic Racing Rivalries: Keke Rosberg vs. Gilles Villeneuve. March–April 2010. ^ "Ayrton Senna's rivalry with Fullerton" . Video Dailymotion . 15 June 2011. Archived from the original  on 11 November 2012. Retrieved 6 October  2012 .^ "Senna's Greatest Rival – Terry Fullerton Stars at Senna Movie Screening" . Karting News from Karting1.co.uk – Blog Archive . Karting1.co.uk. 6 May 2011. Archived from the original  on 19 July 2012. Retrieved 6 October  2012 .^ "Terry Fullerton – the Norwich man Ayrton Senna had to follow" . Motorsport – Eastern Daily Press . Edp24.co.uk. Archived from the original  on 31 August 2012. Retrieved 6 October  2012 .^ A great rivalry existed at the height of Sheene's career between him and American racing legend Kenny Roberts. A big show was sometimes made of the pair's battles, which was depicting as a bitter fight between two racers who almost hated one another."Barry Sheene" . Retrieved 12 February  2010 .  ^ "This rivalry was defined by the last lap of the 1979 Daytona 500. Cale Yarborough was fighting Donnie Allison for the lead when, as Yarborough recalls, he was shoved into the infield grass. He somehow steered his car back onto the track and slammed into the side of Allison's car, spinning both out."David Newton (29 August 2008). "Top rivalries marked by crashing cars, flying fists and swinging helmets" . ESPN . Retrieved 16 February  2010 .   ^ "The hatred Allison and Yarborough shared for Waltrip was no secret in the garage. "We had been friends, and I had helped him early in his career," Allison said. "In fact, I had built cars for him before he got into the Winston Cup stuff. But he didn't want to be friends. It just kept us from cooperating on any kind of an effort that would have been good for both of us.""David Newton (29 August 2008). "Top rivalries marked by crashing cars, flying fists and swinging helmets" . ESPN . Retrieved 16 February  2010 .   ^ "NASCAR Sprint Cup: The 20 Biggest Rivalries In NASCAR History" . Bleacher Report . 12 December 2010. Retrieved 6 October  2012 .^ "The 'Punch and Judy' Award" . F1 Rejects. Archived from the original  on 5 May 2012. Retrieved 8 December  2013 .^ "Top 10 F1 rivalries ranked: Senna, Schumacher, Hamilton and more" . Autosport . 4 November 2021. Retrieved 7 January  2022 .^ Preston Lerner (August 2009). "Great Rivalries: Didier Pironi vs. Gilles Villeneuve". Automobile Magazine  ^ Rainey's intense rivalry with fellow American and 1993 world champ Kevin Schwantz was the stuff of legends. Their careers progressed together as did their mutual hatred of each other and whether it was in American national races, the Transatlantic Trophy  in England or the GPs, they only cared about beating each other, even if that meant coming last and second last.Stuart Barker (18 May 2009). "I Love The 90s" . Visor Down. Retrieved 12 February  2010 .   ^ "How Formula One today could do with a rivalry as bitter and compelling as this one. Two of the greatest drivers of all time, pitted repeatedly against one another. Stylistically they were different, but essentially it was personal."Matt Tench and Jamie Jackson (3 November 2002). "The top 10 greatest rivalries in the history of sport" . The Observer . Retrieved 16 February  2010 .   ^ Foyt and Andretti were never friends, but neither were they enemies. Ayrton Senna and Alain Prost, by way of contrast, were oil and water. Or maybe gunpowder and a match is a more apt characterization. Their relationship was contentious enough while they were on separate teams, but paired together at the height of McLaren's F1 supremacy, they formed the ugliest – and most perversely compelling – rivalry in motorsports history."Great Rivalries: Racing's Best Rivalries" . Automobile Magazine the original  on 15 September 2014. Retrieved 13 April  2010 .  ^ Alone at the top – For 2000, Millen's biggest rival, Nobuhiro Tajima will not be competing in the Unlimited Class. Instead, Tajima will bring a new vehicle to the Pikes Peak Open Class. While the overall title is still up for grabs, the six-year rivalry for the class title has ended."Above the tree line – Rod Millen Shoots For 10-Minute Barrier" . motorsport.com. 29 June 2000. Archived from the original  on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 12 February  2010 .  ^ "Pikes Peak:Millen VS The Monster – wetheterrors – Alt rallying, Rallycross and rally" . Wetheterrors.com. 25 June 2013. Archived from the original  on 11 January 2016. Retrieved 10 October  2015 .^ That tussle of 1994 between Russell and Fogarty was the making of the sport as a spectacle that could attract millions. The Brit vs Yank, hard-knock lad vs spoilt brat head-to-head the media constructed around the 1994 season guaranteed an unprecedented level of exposure for Superbikes.Kevin Sampson (26 May 2001). "Ordinary hero" . The Guardian . Retrieved 13 April  2010 .   ^ "A MOMENT WITH MIKE: Kinwald vs. Masami [VIDEO]" . liverc.com .^ Which is why Jeff Gordon's arrival in the early '90s caused so much controversy and soul-searching about the fundamental nature of the sport."Great Rivalries: Racing's Best Rivalries" . Automobile Magazine the original  on 27 April 2010. Retrieved 13 April  2010 .  ^ Sam Tremayne (13 January 2012). "Matt Neal eager to resume British Touring Car rivalry with Jason Plato" . Autosport . ^ a b   Shreya Sanjeey (22 September 2021). "From Ayrton Senna to Fernando Alonso – Michael Schumacher's Most Intense Rivalries of All Time" . ^ "Mika Hakkinen urges old rival Michael Schumacher to fight for recovery" . Zee News . 5 January 2014.^ Freeman, Glenn. "Loeb hails rivalry with Gronholm – WRC" . Autosport . Retrieved 13 January  2018 . ^ The comparisons are inevitable. Both are Italian; both are multitime world champions fighting for the MotoGP title, as well as the favor of the mercurial and powerful Italian press. Their every move is studied, forcing both to seek refuge in foreign countries."Forever In The Shadow" . Sports Rider Magazine. February 2009. Archived from the original  on 29 July 2012. Retrieved 12 February  2010 .  ^ "Schumacher unrepentant in feud with Montoya" . The Independent . 25 May 2004. Retrieved 10 April  2023 .^ "NASCAR Sprint Cup: The 20 Biggest Rivalries In NASCAR History" . Bleacher Report . 12 December 2010. Retrieved 6 October  2012 .^ "Jimmie Johnson sounds off on Kurt Busch" . CBSSports.com . 7 August 2011. Retrieved 6 October  2012 .^ "Dixon vs. Franchitti – the silent rivalry" . Indycar.com . Archived from the original  on 2 October 2015.^ a b c   The season as teammates for rookie Hamilton and defending 2005 and 2006 world champion Alonso ended in the latter's bitter departure from the McLaren  team amid conflicts with the team hierarchy with regards to involvement in Spygate  and blocking Hamilton in qualifying at one event. The feud also saw drivers take points off each other to allow Kimi Räikkönen  and Ferrari  to come from behind to win by a solitary point over both. The two are yet to contest a world championship finale against each other since."Lewis Hamilton vents fury at Alonso tactics" The Telegraph . 17 September 2007. Archived  from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 1 October  2015 ."Stories of the season: Hamilton vs Alonso" . F1 Fanatic. 30 October 2007. Retrieved 1 October  2015 .Galloway, James (11 December 2014). "Ron Dennis says Lewis Hamilton 'had his role to play' in McLaren's 2007 implosion" . Sky Sports. Retrieved 1 October  2015 .   ^ "NASCAR Sprint Cup: The 20 Biggest Rivalries In NASCAR History" . Bleacher Report . 12 December 2010. Retrieved 6 October  2012 .^ Vettel won four world titles in a row between 2010 and 2013 at Red Bull , with Alonso finishing second on three occasions – two of the titles narrowly won in finales, denying Alonso his third title. Then as Alonso left Ferrari  in late 2014, Vettel signed for the team as his replacement. The rivalry was fierce, yet respectful with few on-track clashes.Andrew Benson (25 November 2012). "Vettel and Alonso's rivalry becomes one with real teeth" . BBC Sport . Retrieved 25 May  2015 .   ^ "Max Verstappen's bitter clashes with Charles Leclerc exposed: 'Couldn't stand him' . 18 June 2022.^ The two teammates at Mercedes  were involved in several spats during the 2014 to 2016 seasons, fighting over the Drivers' Championship. "Lewis Hamilton v Nico Rosberg: Childhood friends to arch rivals" . BBC Sport . 12 April 2015. Retrieved 1 October  2015 .  ^ "Nasr-Palmer tweet causes social media stir" . ESPN. 17 April 2017. Retrieved 7 January  2022 .^ Hughes, Mark  (28 July 2021). "Lewis Hamilton vs Max Verstappen: Assessing F1's gripping King vs Pretender world title duel" . Sky Sports . 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"Smooth as Clockwork" . Sports Illustrated . Retrieved 10 March  2016 . ^ Verschoth, Anita (27 January 1988). "The Mouse May Roar" . Sports Illustrated . Retrieved 10 March  2016 . ^ LeMaster, Ron (2010). Ultimate Skiing Champaign, Illinois : Human Kinetics. p. 120. ISBN  978-0-7360-7959-4 . ^ "Janica Kostelic: 'It's nice to be on the other side' . Federation Internationale de Ski the original  on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 12 March  2016 .^ Spencer, Adam (20 February 2015). "Ted Ligety reflects on success at World Championships" . Park Record the original  on 15 March 2016. Retrieved 14 March  2016 . ^ Zaccardi, Nick (23 June 2014). "Memorable U.S.-Germany Clashes in Olympics" . NBC Sports . Retrieved 14 March  2016 . ^ "Dorfmeister has a new will to win" . Hürriyet Daily News . Retrieved 14 March  2016 .^ "Henrik Kristoffersen excited to reignite rivalry with Marcel Hirscher" . International Ski Federation . 28 September 2018. 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"For Norway, a Cross-Country Crisis" . The New York Times . Retrieved 10 February  2018 . ^ Crestodina, Thomas (28 February 2010). "Kowalczyk Takes Gold" . Krakow Post . Retrieved 4 August  2016 . ^ Etchells, Daniel (15 March 2019). "Falla and Nilsson to resume women's sprint rivalry at FIS Cross-Country World Cup in Falun" . Inside the Games . Retrieved 8 September  2021 . ^ a b   Media, Wirtualna Polska. "Sport w WP SportoweFakty – wiadomości sportowe, relacje na żywo, wyniki" . sportowefakty.wp.pl . ^ " . BBC Sport.^ "Home (Sky Sports)" . SkySports . Retrieved 5 October  2020 .^ "Edinburgh Monarchs v Glasgow Tigers. Derby preview!" .^ Thrills and spills aplenty but Monarchs lose derby to Glasgow , Edinburgh News ^ "Derby win over Monarchs puts Glasgow Tigers back on title track" . kirkintilloch-herald.co.uk . 13 August 2017.^ a b   "Surfing's Greatest Rivalries" . Transworld Surf. 12 December 2008. Archived from the original  on 19 December 2008. 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Works cited   Evanow, Pete (11 October 2005). Z: 35 Years of Nissan's Sports Car . Motorbooks. ISBN  9780760321812 .   
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