Timeline of Brno
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Brno, Moravia, Czech Republic.
Prior to 20th century
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- 980-1020 - Basilica of the Assumption of Our Lady founded.
- 11th C. - Vratislaus II of Bohemia bestows the town on his younger brother Otto I of Olomouc.[1]
- early 13th C. - Church of St. James established.[1]
- mid 13th C. - Špilberk Castle established.[1]
- 1229 - Brno charter endorsed by Ottocar I of Bohemia.[2]
- 1243 - City incorporated.[2]
- 1296 - Cathedral of St. Peter and Paul established.[3]
- 1343 - Old Town Hall (Brno) in use.
- 1356 - Church of St. Thomas consecrated.
- 1428 - Brno unsuccessfully besieged by Hussites.[1]
- 1451 - 27 July: expulsion of the Jews.[4]
- 1467 - Brno besieged by forces of George of Bohemia.[1]
- 1485 - First printing press in operation.[5]
- 1645 - Brno besieged by Swedish forces led by Lennart Torstensson.[1]
- 1655 - Dolní Kounice Synagogue founded.
- 1742 - Brno besieged by Prussians.[1]
- 1766 - Cloth factory begins operating.[6]
- 1777 - Roman Catholic Diocese of Brno established;[7][3] Mathias Franz Graf von Chorinsky Freiherr von Ledske becomes bishop.
- 1780s - Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor evicts the friars from St Thomas's Abbey.[1]
- 1782 - Brno becomes capital of Moravia-Silesia.
- 1786 - Lužánky Park established.
- 1805 - 2 December: Battle of Austerlitz occurs near Brno; forces of Napoleon headquartered in city.[2][1]
- 1818 - Museum Francisceum founded.[8]
- 1822/30 - Silvio Pellico, an Italian writer, confined in Špilberk Castle.[1]
- 1838 - Brno main railway station opened.
- 1839 - Emperor Ferdinand Northern Railway operates to Břeclav.
- 1843 - Labor unrest.[9]
- 1848 - October: Labor demonstration.[9]
- 1849
- German Technical University in Brno founded.[10]
- Population: 45,189.[11]
- 1855 - Synagogue consecrated.[12]
- 1861 - Natural History Society established.[13]
- 1864 - Vankovka engineering works built near Brno.[14]
- 1866 - 13 July: Prussians in power.[15]
- 1867
- Czech-language secondary school founded.[16]
- Red Church construction completed.
- 1869 - Population: 73,771.[11]
- 1870s - Brno Philharmonic begins its existence at the Besední dům.
- 1872 - Starobrno Brewery built.
- 1880 - Gustav Winterholler becomes mayor.
- 1881 - Organ School founded.[17]
- 1882 - Deutsches Stadttheater (Mahen Theatre) built.[18]
Mahen Theatre, Brno - 1891 - Deutsches Haus (Brno) opens.
- 1894 - August Wieser becomes mayor.
- 1899 - Imperial Czech Technical University of Franz Joseph founded.[2]
- 1900 - Population: 108,944.[1]
20th century
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- 1910 - Population: 125,737.
- 1913 - SK Židenice football club formed.
- 1918
- Československá zbrojovka manufactory in business.
- Moravia becomes part of Czechoslovakia.
- Brno City Archive Library established.[19]
- 1919
- Bohunice and Slatina become part of Brno.
- Masaryk University[2] and Brno Conservatory founded.
- 1926 - 18 December: Premiere of Janáček's opera Makropulos Affair.
- 1928
- Brno Exhibition Centre opens.
- Exhibition of Contemporary Culture held.[6]
- Centrum department store built.[6]
- 1930
- Modernist Villa Tugendhat built.
- Population: 264,925.
- 1935 - New City Hall (Brno) in use.
- 1939
- Brno (and whole country) occupied by German Nazis.
- The Germans established an internment camp for Romani people in the city.[20]
- 1941 - First Martial Law, 239 people executed in Brno by the Germans, another 1,000 in concentration camps.
- 1943 - October: The Germans established a subcamp of the Auschwitz concentration camp in the city, and brought the first transport of 251 prisoners, mostly Poles, to the subcamp.[21]
- 1944 - Internment camp for Romani people dissolved.[20]
- 1945
- German Technical University in Brno closed.
- Subcamp of the Auschwitz concentration camp dissolved and remaining prisoners evacuated to Austria.[21]
- Many Germans fled Brno, the rest were later expelled.[2]
- Liberation of Brno
- Brno City Theatre established.
- 1946 - Brno–Tuřany Airport opens.
- 1947
- Janáček Academy of Music and Performing Arts established.[22]
- Královo Pole indoor arena opens.
- Population: 133,637 city; 934,437 province.[2]
- 1953 - Brno Zoo and Stadion Za Lužánkami open.
- 1955 - Julius Fucik Theatre active.[18]
- 1956 - Moravian Karst nature reserve established near city.
- 1961
- Moravian Gallery in Brno established.
- Population: 314,235.
- 1963
- Biennial of Graphic Design, Brno begins.
- Oldřich Vaverka becomes mayor.
- 1965 - Janáček Theatre opens.
- 1974 - Population: 343,860.[23]
- 1976 - Marie Bartošová falls into a sinkhole created by a tram station collapse. Her remains were not found until 1990s, and the sudden accident accelerated the systematic exploration of the Brno underground.[24][25][26]
- 1980 - HaDivadlo theatre troupe active.[18]
- 1982 - Starobrno Rondo Aréna opens.
- 1985 - Dukovany Nuclear Power Station commissioned near city.[10]
- 1987 - Motorsport Masaryk Circuit opens.
- 1990
- Brno becomes a statutory city.
- City divided into 29 districts.
- International Institute for Political Science of Masaryk University founded.[27]
- Vojtěch Cikrle becomes Catholic bishop.
- 1991 - Kabinet múz cultural space founded.
- 1994 - Dagmar Lastovecká becomes mayor.
- 1997 - M-Palace hi-rise built.
- 1998 - Petr Duchoň becomes mayor.
21st century
- 2001 - Cinema City Velky Spalicek opens.[28]
- 2004
- University of Defence (Czech Republic) established.[27]
- ProtestFest begins.[29][1]
- Richard Svoboda becomes mayor.
- 2006 - Roman Onderka becomes mayor.
- 2009 - September: Catholic pope visits Brno.
- 2010 - Cinema Mundi International Film Festival begins.
- 2011
- Labyrinth under Vegetable Market, Brno (historic site) opens.
- Population: 385,913.
- 2012
- Spielberk Towers built.
- Brno Ossuary (historic site) opens.
- 2013 - AZ Tower built.
- 2014 - Petr Vokřál becomes mayor.
- 2015 - June: Anti-immigration demonstration.[30]
- 2018 - 21 March: Brno Open Data Platform launched.[31]
See also
- History of Brno
- Other names of Brno
- List of mayors of Brno
- List of bishops of Brno
- List of churches of Brno
- History of Moravia
- Timelines of other cities in the Czech Republic: Prague
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Britannica 1910.
- ^ a b c d e f g Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), "Brno", Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 273, OL 6112221M
- ^ a b Lins 1908.
- ^ Frankl-Grün 1907.
- ^ Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Austria-Hungary: Brunn". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450632 – via HathiTrust.
- ^ a b c Humphreys, Rob; Lunt, Susie (2002). Czech & Slovak Republics. Rough Guides. ISBN 978-1-85828-904-5.
- ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Czech Republic". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- ^ David Murray (1904). Museums, Their History and Their Use. Glasgow: James MacLehose and Sons.
- ^ a b Stanley Z. Pech (1967). "Czech Working Class in 1848". Canadian Slavonic Papers. 9 (1): 60–73. doi:10.1080/00085006.1967.11091077. JSTOR 40867492.
- ^ a b David Turnock (2006). Eastern European Economy, 1800-2000: Stages of Transformation in a Peripheral Region. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-67876-1.
- ^ a b Kay 1880.
- ^ "Brno". Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. New York: Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- ^ Brünn, Naturforschender Verein in (1887), "Jahresversammlung am 21. December 1886", Verhandlungen des Naturforschenden Vereines in Brünn (in German)
- ^ Worldwatch Institute (2007). State of the World 2007: Our Urban Future. W.W. Norton. p. 170. ISBN 978-0-393-32923-0.
- ^ Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Moravia", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776 – via Hathi Trust
- ^ Stanley B. Kimball (1973). "Austro-Slav Revival: A Study of Nineteenth-Century Literary Foundations". Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. 63 (4): 1–83. doi:10.2307/1006167. JSTOR 1006167.
- ^ Jiří Hochman (1998). Historical Dictionary of the Czech State. USA: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-3338-8.
- ^ a b c Don Rubin; et al., eds. (1994). "Czech Republic". World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Europe. Routledge. pp. 196–210. ISBN 9780415251570.
- ^ "About the Archive". Brno City Archive. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- ^ a b "Internierungslager für Roma Brünn". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ a b "Brünn". Memorial and Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ Walter Rüegg [in German], ed. (2011). "Universities founded in Europe between 1945 and 1995". Universities Since 1945. History of the University in Europe. Vol. 4. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-49425-0.
- ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Encyklopedie dějin města Brna". encyklopedie.brna.cz. 2004. Retrieved 14 January 2025.
- ^ "Osud Marie Bartošové je dodnes záhadou: Skryté tunely pod Brnem odvážnou ženu doslova pohltily - Médium.cz". medium.seznam.cz (in Czech). 19 May 2023. Retrieved 14 January 2025.
- ^ "WHAT IS BRNO? Statues in the City" (PDF).
- ^ a b "Organizations". International Relations and Security Network. Switzerland: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- ^ "Movie Theaters in Brno, Czech Republic". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- ^ Jiří Navrátil (2010). "Between the Spillover and the Spillout: Tracing the Evolution of the Czech Global Justice Movement". Czech Sociological Review. 46 (6): 913–944. doi:10.13060/00380288.2010.46.6.03. JSTOR 41132925.
- ^ "Hundreds Rally Against Refugees in 2nd Largest Czech City", New York Times, Associated Press, 26 June 2015
- ^ "About Data.Brno", Datahub.brno.cz, retrieved 4 January 2021
This article incorporates information from the Czech Wikipedia and German Wikipedia.
Bibliography
in English
- Abraham Rees (1819), "Brunn", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
- Charles Knight, ed. (1867). "Brunn". The English cyclopaedia / Conducted by Charles Knight v. 2 geography. English Cyclopaedia. Vol. 2. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. pp. 166–167. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064794.
- David Kay (1880), "Principal Towns: Brünn", Austria-Hungary, Foreign Countries and British Colonies, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, hdl:2027/mdp.39015030647005
- "Brunn", Bradshaw's Illustrated Hand-book to Germany and Austria, London: W.J. Adams & Sons, 1896
- Norddeutscher Lloyd (1896), "Brunn", Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Holland and England, Berlin: J. Reichmann & Cantor, OCLC 8395555
- Adolf Frankl-Grün (1907). "Brünn". The Jewish encyclopedia ; a descriptive record of the history, religion, literature, and customs of the Jewish people from the earliest times to the present ... V.3. Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 3. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. hdl:2027/osu.32435029752920.
- Joseph Lins (1908). "Brünn". The Catholic encyclopedia; an international work of reference on the constitution, doctrine, discipline, and history of the Catholic Church. Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: The Encyclopedia Press, inc.
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 684–685.
in German
- C.J. Schmidt (1835). Brünn und seine Umgebungen (in German). Brünn: Seidel.
- Gustav Trautenberger. Chronik der Landeshauptstadt Brünn (in German). Brünn: Deutsches Haus (Brno). 1891-1897
- B. Bretholz (1911). Geschichte der Stadt Brünn (in German). Brünn: Verlag des Vereines. (includes timeline 1091-1411)
External links
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