List of prime ministers of Syria

Politics of Syria

Arab League Member State of the Arab League

Constitution
Executive
Legislature
Judiciary
Subdivisions
Elections
Foreign relations

This is a list of prime ministers of Syria from 1920 to 2025.

List of officeholders

Syria (1920–1958)

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Political party Government Notes Ref.
Took office Left office Time in office
Arab Kingdom of Syria (1920)
1 Rida Pasha al-Rikabi
رضا باشا الركابي
(1864–1943) 		9 March 1920 3 May 1920 55 days Independent al-Rikabi II Previously Military Governor in the Occupied Enemy Territory Administration (1 October 1918 – 14 December 1919)
— Hashim al-Atassi
هاشم الأتاسي
(1875–1960) 		3 May 1920 26 July 1920 84 days Independent al-Atassi I
al-Droubi
(From 25 July 1920)
2 Aladdin al-Droubi
علاء الدين الدروبي
(1870–1920) 		26 July 1920 21 August 1920 26 days Independent al-Droubi
Vacant (21 August 1920 – 6 September 1920)
3 Jamil al-Ulshi
جميل الألشي
(1883–1951) 		6 September 1920 30 November 1920 85 days Independent al-Ulshi I
French mandate (1920–1930)
State of Damascus (1920–1922), Syrian Federation (1922–1925) and State of Syria (1925–1930)
— Haqqi al-Azm
حقي العظم
(1864–1955) 		1 December 1920 28 June 1922 1 year, 209 days Independent Haqqi al-Azm I
4 Subhi Bey Barakat
صبحي بك بركات الخالدي
(1889–1939) 		28 June 1922 21 December 1925 3 years, 176 days Independent Barakat I–II
Vacant (21 December 1925 – 29 December 1925)
— Taj al-Din al-Hasani
تاج الدين الحسني
(1885–1943) 		29 December 1925 6 January 1926 8 days Independent No cabinet
Vacant (6 January 1926 – 27 April 1926)
5 Ahmad Nami
أحمد نامي
(1873–1962) 		27 April 1926 9 February 1928 1 year, 288 days Independent Nami I–II–III
Vacant (9 February 1928 – 15 April 1928)
6 Taj al-Din al-Hasani
تاج الدين الحسني
(1885–1943) 		15 April 1928 14 May 1930 2 years, 29 days Independent al-Hasani I
First Syrian Republic (1930–1950)
Mandatory Syrian Republic (1930–1946)
(6) Taj al-Din al-Hasani
تاج الدين الحسني
(1885–1943) 		14 May 1930 19 November 1931 1 year, 189 days Independent al-Hasani I
— Léon Solomiac
(1873–1960) 		19 November 1931 11 June 1932 205 days Independent Solomiac
7 Haqqi al-Azm
حقي العظم
(1864–1955) 		7 June 1932 16 March 1934 1 year, 282 days Independent Haqqi al-Azm II
(6) Taj al-Din al-Hasani
تاج الدين الحسني
(1885–1943) 		16 March 1934 22 February 1936 1 year, 343 days Independent al-Hasani II
8 Ata Bey al-Ayyubi
عطا الأيوبي
(1877–1951) 		22 February 1936 21 December 1936 303 days Independent al-Ayyubi I
9 Jamil Mardam Bey
جميل مردم بك
(1894–1960) 		21 December 1936 23 February 1939 2 years, 64 days National Bloc Bey I
10 Lutfi al-Haffar
لطفي الحفار
(1885–1968) 		23 February 1939 5 April 1939 41 days National Bloc al-Haffar
11 Nasuhi al-Bukhari
نصوحي البخاري
(1881–1961) 		5 April 1939 8 July 1939 94 days Independent al-Bukhari
(No cabinet from 15 May 1939)
— Bahij al-Khatib
بهيج الخطيب
(1895–1981) 		8 July 1939 4 April 1941 1 year, 270 days Independent al-Khatib
12 Khalid al-Azm
خالد العظم
(1903–1965) 		4 April 1941 21 September 1941 170 days Independent al-Azm I
13 Hassan al-Hakim
حسن الحكيم
(1886–1982) 		21 September 1941 19 April 1942 210 days Independent al-Hakim I
14 Husni al-Barazi
حسني البرازي
(1895–1975) 		19 April 1942 10 January 1943 266 days Independent al-Barazi
(3) Jamil al-Ulshi
جميل الألشي
(1883–1951) 		10 January 1943 25 March 1943 74 days Independent al-Ulshi II
(8) Ata Bey al-Ayyubi
عطا الأيوبي
(1877–1951) 		25 March 1943 19 August 1943 147 days Independent al-Ayyubi II
15 Saadallah al-Jabiri
سعد الله الجابري
(1891–1948) 		19 August 1943 14 October 1944 56 days National Bloc al-Jabiri I
16 Fares al-Khoury
فارس الخوري
(1877–1962) 		14 October 1944 1 October 1945 352 days National Bloc al-Khoury I–II–III
(15) Saadallah al-Jabiri
سعد الله الجابري
(1891–1948) 		1 October 1945 17 April 1946 198 days National Bloc al-Jabiri II
Independent First Syrian Republic (1946–1950)
(15) Saadallah al-Jabiri
سعد الله الجابري
(1891–1948) 		17 April 1946 16 December 1946 243 days National Bloc al-Jabiri III
— Khalid al-Azm
خالد العظم
(1903–1965) 		16 December 1946 29 December 1946 13 days Independent al-Jabiri III
(9) Jamil Mardam Bey
جميل مردم بك
(1894–1960) 		29 December 1946 17 December 1948 1 year, 354 days National Bloc Bey II–III–III–IV
(12) Khalid al-Azm
خالد العظم
(1903–1965) 		17 December 1948 30 March 1949 103 days Independent al-Azm II Azm was overthrown in the March 1949 coup d'état. [1]
17 Husni al-Za'im
حسني الزعيم
(1897–1949) 		30 March 1949 26 June 1949 88 days Independent
(SSNP–affiliated) 		al-Za'im
18 Muhsin al-Barazi
محسن البرازي
(1904–1949) 		26 June 1949 14 August 1949 49 days Independent al-Barazi Barazi was executed following the August 1949 coup d'état. [2]
19 Hashim al-Atassi
هاشم الأتاسي
(1875–1960) 		14 August 1949 24 December 1949 132 days People's Party al-Atassi II
(No cabinet from 14 December 1949)
20 Nazim al-Qudsi
ناظم القدسي
(1906–1998) 		24 December 1949 27 December 1949 3 days People's Party al-Qudsi I
(12) Khalid al-Azm
خالد العظم
(1903–1965) 		27 December 1949 4 June 1950 159 days Independent al-Azm III
(20) Nazim al-Qudsi
ناظم القدسي
(1906–1998) 		4 June 1950 5 September 1950 93 days People's Party al-Qudsi II
Second Syrian Republic (1950–1958)
(20) Nazim al-Qudsi
ناظم القدسي
(1906–1998) 		5 September 1950 27 March 1951 203 days People's Party al-Qudsi III
(12) Khalid al-Azm
خالد العظم
(1903–1965) 		27 March 1951 9 August 1951 135 days Independent al-Azm IV
(13) Hassan al-Hakim
حسن الحكيم
(1886–1982) 		9 August 1951 13 November 1951 96 days Independent al-Hakim II
— Zaki al-Khatib
زكي الخطيب
(1887–1961) 		13 November 1951 28 November 1951 15 days People's Party al-Hakim II
21 Maarouf al-Dawalibi
معروف الدواليبي
(1909–2004) 		28 November 1951 29 November 1951 1 day People's Party al-Dawalibi I
(Cabinet existed until 1 December 1951) 		Dawalibi was overthrown in the 1951 coup d'état. [3]
Vacant (29 November 1951 – 3 December 1951)
22 Fawzi Selu
فوزي سلو
(1905–1972) 		3 December 1951 19 July 1953 1 year, 228 days Military
(ALM–affiliated) 		(No cabinet until 9 June 1952)
Selu
(No cabinet from 11 July 1953) 		Selu had no power, real power was with Adib Shishakli. [4]
Position abolished (19 July 1953 – 1 March 1954)
23 Sabri al-Asali
صبري العسلي
(1903–1976) 		1 March 1954 19 June 1954 110 days National Party al-Asali I
24 Said al-Ghazzi
سعيد الغزي
(1893–1967) 		19 June 1954 3 November 1954 137 days Independent al-Ghazzi I
(16) Fares al-Khoury
فارس الخوري
(1877–1962) 		3 November 1954 13 February 1955 102 days People's Party al-Khoury IV
(23) Sabri al-Asali
صبري العسلي
(1903–1976) 		13 February 1955 13 September 1955 212 days National Party al-Asali II
(24) Said al-Ghazzi
سعيد الغزي
(1893–1967) 		13 September 1955 14 June 1956 275 days Independent al-Ghazzi II
(23) Sabri al-Asali
صبري العسلي
(1903–1976) 		14 June 1956 1 February 1958 1 year, 232 days National Party al-Asali III–IV
(Cabinet existed until 6 March 1958)
Vacant (1 February 1958 – 22 February 1958)

United Arab Republic (1958–1961)

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Political party Government Ref.
Took office Left office Time in office
Position not established (22 February 1958 – 7 October 1958)
25 Nur al-Din Kahala
نور الدين كحالة
(1908–1965) 		7 October 1958 20 September 1960 1 year, 349 days National Union Nasser IV–V
26 Abdel Hamid al-Sarraj
عبد الحميد السراج
(1925–2013) 		20 September 1960 16 August 1961 330 days National Union Nasser V–VI
Vacant (16 August 1961 – 29 September 1961)

Syria (1961–2025)

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Political party Government Notes Ref.
Took office Left office Time in office
Syrian Arab Republic (1961–2025)
Second Syrian Republic (1961–1963)
27 Maamun al-Kuzbari
مأمون الكزبري
(1914–1998) 		29 September 1961 20 November 1961 52 days Independent al-Kuzbari Kuzbari took office following the 1961 coup d'état, which dissolved the United Arab Republic and restored the Second Syrian Republic on 29 September 1961.
28 Izzat al-Nuss
عزت النص
(1912–1976)[5] 		20 November 1961 14 December 1961 24 days Independent al-Nuss
(Cabinet existed until 22 December 1961)
Vacant (14 December 1961 – 22 December 1961)
(21) Maarouf al-Dawalibi
معروف الدواليبي
(1909–2004) 		22 December 1961 28 March 1962 96 days People's Party al-Dawalibi II
(No cabinet from 27 March 1962)
Vacant (28 March 1962 – 16 April 1962)
29 Bashir al-Azma
بشير العظَمة
(1910–1992) 		16 April 1962 17 September 1962 154 days Independent al-Azma
(12) Khalid al-Azm
خالد العظم
(1903–1965) 		17 September 1962 8 March 1963 172 days Independent al-Azm V The 1963 coup d'état, an event known as the March 8 Revolution, toppled President Nazim al-Qudsi and brought the National Council for the Revolutionary Command (NCRC) to government, although real power lay with the Ba'athist Military Committee, which organized the coup. [6]
Ba'athist Syria (1963–2024)
(12) Khalid al-Azm
خالد العظم
(1903–1965) 		8 March 1963 9 March 1963 1 day Independent No cabinet Azm was the first Prime Minister of the Ba'athist regime for some hours after the fall of the Second Syrian Republic in the March 8 Revolution.
30 Salah al-Din al-Bitar
صلاح الدين البيطار
(1912–1980) 		9 March 1963 11 May 1963 63 days Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		al-Bitar I
— Sami al-Jundi
سامي الجندي
(1921–1996) 		11 May 1963 13 May 1963 2 days Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		No cabinet[7]
(30) Salah al-Din al-Bitar
صلاح الدين البيطار
(1912–1980) 		13 May 1963 11 November 1963 182 days Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		al-Bitar II–III
31 Amin al-Hafiz
أمين الحافظ
(1921–2009) 		12 November 1963 13 May 1964 183 days Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		al-Hafiz I
(30) Salah al-Din al-Bitar
صلاح الدين البيطار
(1912–1980) 		14 May 1964 3 October 1964 142 days Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		al-Bitar IV
(31) Amin al-Hafiz
أمين الحافظ
(1921–2009) 		4 October 1964 22 September 1965 353 days Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		al-Hafiz II
32 Yusuf Zuayyin
يوسف زعيّـن
(1931–2016) 		22 September 1965 21 December 1965 90 days Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Zuayyin I
(Cabinet existed until 27 December 1965)
Vacant (21 December 1965 – 1 January 1966)
(30) Salah al-Din al-Bitar
صلاح الدين البيطار
(1912–1980) 		1 January 1966 23 February 1966 53 days Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		al-Bitar V Bitar was overthrown by the Military Committee because of his support for Michel Aflaq and the National Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party. [8]
Vacant (23 February 1966 – 1 March 1966)
(32) Yusuf Zuayyin
يوسف زعيّـن
(1931–2016) 		1 March 1966 29 October 1968 2 years, 242 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Zuayyin II
(No cabinet from 28 October 1968)[9]
33 Nureddin al-Atassi
نور الدين الأتاسي
(1929–1992) 		29 October 1968 18 November 1970 2 years, 20 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		al-Atassi
(No cabinet from 15 November 1970)[10] 		Atassi was overthrown when a falling-out occurred between Salah Jadid, the real ruler of Syria from 1966 to 1970, and Hafez al-Assad, the Minister of Defense. Assad initiated the Corrective Movement in 1970. [11][12]
Vacant (18 November 1970 – 21 November 1970)
34 Hafez al-Assad
حافظ الأسد
(1930–2000) 		21 November 1970 3 April 1971 133 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		al-Assad
35 Abdul Rahman Khleifawi
عبد الرحمن خليفاوي
(1930–2009) 		3 April 1971 21 December 1972 1 year, 262 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Khleifawi I
36 Mahmoud al-Ayyubi
محمود الأيوبي
(1932–2013) 		21 December 1972 7 August 1976 3 years, 230 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Khleifawi I
(Until 23 December 1972)
al-Ayyubi
(35) Abdul Rahman Khleifawi
عبد الرحمن خليفاوي
(1930–2009) 		7 August 1976 27 March 1978 1 year, 232 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Khleifawi II
37 Muhammad Ali al-Halabi
محمد علي الحلبي
(1937–2016) 		27 March 1978 9 January 1980 1 year, 288 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Khleifawi II
(Until 30 March 1978)
al-Halabi
38 Abdul Rauf al-Kasm
عبد الرؤوف الكسم
(born 1932) 		9 January 1980 1 November 1987 7 years, 296 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		al-Halabi
(Until 14 January 1980)[13]
al-Kasm I–II–III
39 Mahmoud Al-Zoubi
محمود الزعبي
(1935–2000) 		1 November 1987 7 March 2000 12 years, 127 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Al-Zoubi I–II
40 Muhammad Mustafa Mero
محمد مصطفى ميرو
(1941–2020) 		7 March 2000 10 September 2003 3 years, 187 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Mero I–II
41 Muhammad Naji al-Otari
محمد ناجي عطري
(born 1944) 		10 September 2003 14 April 2011 7 years, 216 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Naji al-Otari
42 Adel Safar
عادل سفر
(born 1953) 		14 April 2011 23 June 2012 1 year, 70 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Safar
43 Riyad Farid Hijab
رياض فريد حجاب
(born 1966) 		23 June 2012 6 August 2012 44 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Hijab Defected to the opposition during the civil war. [14][15]
— Omar Ibrahim Ghalawanji
عمر ابراهيم غلاونجي
(born 1954) 		6 August 2012 9 August 2012 3 days Independent Hijab [16]
44 Wael Nader al-Halqi
وائل نادر الحلقي
(born 1964) 		9 August 2012 3 July 2016 3 years, 329 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		al-Halqi I–II
45 Imad Khamis
عماد خميس
(born 1961) 		3 July 2016 11 June 2020 3 years, 344 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Khamis
46 Hussein Arnous
حسين عرنوس
(born 1953) 		11 June 2020 14 September 2024 4 years, 95 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Arnous I–II
47 Mohammad Ghazi al-Jalali
محمد غازي الجلالي
(born 1969) 		14 September 2024 8 December 2024 85 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Arnous II
al-Jalali
Transitional period (2024–2025)
— Mohammad Ghazi al-Jalali
محمد غازي الجلالي
(born 1969) 		8 December 2024 10 December 2024 2 days Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region) 		Caretaker Served as caretaker until al-Bashir assumed power.
48 Mohammed al-Bashir
محمد البشير
(born 1983) 		10 December 2024 29 March 2025 109 days Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham Caretaker Previously Prime Minister of the Syrian Salvation Government.
Independent
Position abolished (since 29 March 2025)

Timeline

Mohammed al-BashirMohammad Ghazi al-JalaliHussein ArnousImad KhamisWael Nader al-HalqiOmar Ibrahim GhalawanjiRiyad Farid HijabAdel SafarMuhammad Naji al-OtariMuhammad Mustafa MeroMahmoud Al-ZoubiAbdul Rauf al-KasmMuhammad Ali al-HalabiMahmoud al-AyyubiAbdul Rahman KhleifawiHafez al-AssadNureddin al-AtassiYusuf ZuayyinAmin al-HafizSami al-JundiSalah al-Din al-BitarBashir al-AzmaIzzat al-NussMaamun al-KuzbariAbdel Hamid al-SarrajNur al-Din KahalaSaid al-GhazziSabri al-AsaliFawzi SeluMaarouf al-DawalibiZaki al-KhatibNazim al-QudsiMuhsin al-BaraziHusni al-Za'imFares al-KhourySaadallah al-JabiriHusni al-BaraziHassan al-HakimKhalid al-AzmBahij al-KhatibNasuhi al-BukhariLutfi al-HaffarJamil Mardam BeyAta Bey al-AyyubiLéon SolomiacAhmad NamiTaj al-Din al-HasaniSubhi Bey BarakatHaqqi al-AzmJamil al-UlshiAladdin Al-DroubiHashim al-AtassiRida Pasha al-Rikabi

See also

References

General
  1. ^ Moubayed 2006, p. 188.
  2. ^ Moubayed 2006, p. 610.
  3. ^ Moubayed 2006, p. 183.
  4. ^ Moubayed 2006, p. 85.
  5. ^ "Who's who in the Arab World". 1974.
  6. ^ Moubayed 2006, p. 133.
  7. ^ "وزارة السيد صلاح الدين البيطار (من 9 آذار 1963 - 11 أيـار 1963)" [Cabinet of Mr. Salah al-Din al-Bitar (from 9 March 1963 to 11 May 1963)]. Prime Ministry of the Syrian Arab Republic (in Arabic). 23 September 2015. Archived from the original on 5 June 2017.
  8. ^ Seale 1990, pp. 99–101.
  9. ^ "وزارة الدكتور يوسف زعين (من 1 آذار 1966 - 28 تشرين الأول 1968)" [Cabinet of Dr. Yusuf Zuayyin (from 1 March 1966 to 28 October 1968)]. Prime Ministry of the Syrian Arab Republic (in Arabic). 30 September 2015. Archived from the original on 6 September 2017.
  10. ^ "وزارة السيد الدكتور نور الدين الأتاسي (من 29 تشرين الأول 1968 - 15 تشرين الثاني 1970)" [Cabinet of Dr. Nureddin al-Atassi (from 29 October 1968 to 15 November 1970)]. Prime Ministry of the Syrian Arab Republic (in Arabic). 12 October 2015. Archived from the original on 17 January 2017.
  11. ^ Seale 1990, pp. 142–144.
  12. ^ Seale 1990, pp. 162–163.
  13. ^ "وزارة الأستاذ محمد علي الحلبـي (من 30 آذار 1978 - 14 كانون الثاني 1980)" [Cabinet of Mr. Muhammad Ali al-Halabi (from 30 March 1978 to 14 January 1980)]. Prime Ministry of the Syrian Arab Republic (in Arabic). 13 October 2015. Archived from the original on 19 March 2017.
  14. ^ "Syrian PM defects from Assad government". Al Jazeera. 7 August 2012. Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 7 August 2012.
  15. ^ "Syria Prime Minister Riad Hijab defects". BBC News. 6 August 2012. Archived from the original on 22 January 2015. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
  16. ^ "أول رئيس حكومة "غير بعثي" منذ 1963...مصدر رفيع لسيريانديز: غلاونجي باق في الفترة القادمة" [The first non-Ba'athist Prime Minister since 1963... A senior source to 'Syrian Days': Ghalawanji will remain for the next period]. Syrian Days (in Arabic). 9 August 2012. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 7 January 2015.
Bibliography
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