Braille pattern dots-2456

6-dot braille cells
⠀	⠁	⠃	⠉	⠙	⠑	⠋	⠛	⠓	⠊	⠚	⠈	⠘
⠄	⠅	⠇	⠍	⠝	⠕	⠏	⠟	⠗	⠎	⠞	⠌	⠜
⠤	⠥	⠧	⠭	⠽	⠵	⠯	⠿	⠷	⠮	⠾	⠬	⠼
⠠	⠡	⠣	⠩	⠹	⠱	⠫	⠻	⠳	⠪		⠨	⠸
⠀	⠂	⠆	⠒	⠲	⠢	⠖	⠶	⠦	⠔	⠴	⠐	⠰

The Braille pattern dots-2456 ( ⠺ ) is a 6-dot braille cell with the top right, both middle, and bottom right dots raised, or an 8-dot braille cell with the top right, both upper-middle, and lower-middle right dots raised. It is represented by the Unicode code point U+283a, and in Braille ASCII with W.

Character information
Preview
Unicode name	BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-2456
Encodings	decimal	hex
Unicode	10298	U+283A
UTF-8	226 160 186	E2 A0 BA
Numeric character reference	⠺	⠺
Braille ASCII	88	58

Unified Braille

In unified international braille, the braille pattern dots-2456 is used to represent the labio-velar approximant, /w/, or otherwise as needed.^[1]

Table of unified braille values

French Braille	W, om, -tt-, "tous"
English Braille	W
English contraction	will
German Braille	W
Bharati Braille	ठ / ਠ / ઠ / ঠ / ଠ / ఠ / ಠ / ഠ / ඨ / ٹھ ‎^[2]
Icelandic Braille	W
IPA Braille	/w/
Russian Braille	В (v)
Slovak Braille	W
Arabic Braille	و
Persian Braille	و
Irish Braille	W
Thai Braille	ว w
Luxembourgish Braille	w (minuscule)

^[1]

Other braille

Japanese Braille	so / そ / ソ ^[1]
Korean Braille	ui / ㅢ ^[1]
Mainland Chinese Braille	wei, -ui ^[1]
Taiwanese Braille	ai / ㄞ
Two-Cell Chinese Braille	mi- -á
Algerian Braille	ـٍ ‎ (tanwīn)^[1]

Plus dots 7 and 8

Related to Braille pattern dots-2456 are Braille patterns 24567, 24568, and 245678, which are used in 8-dot braille systems, such as Gardner-Salinas and Luxembourgish Braille.

Character information
Preview
Unicode name	BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-24567		BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-24568		BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-245678
Encodings	decimal	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex
Unicode	10362	U+287A	10426	U+28BA	10490	U+28FA
UTF-8	226 161 186	E2 A1 BA	226 162 186	E2 A2 BA	226 163 186	E2 A3 BA
Numeric character reference	⡺	⡺	⢺	⢺	⣺	⣺

	dots 24567	dots 24568	dots 245678
Gardner Salinas Braille^[3]	W (capital)	ω (omega)	Ω (Omega)
Luxembourgish Braille^[4]	W (capital)

Related 8-dot kantenji patterns

In the Japanese kantenji braille, the standard 8-dot Braille patterns 3568, 13568, 34568, and 134568 are the patterns related to Braille pattern dots-2456, since the two additional dots of kantenji patterns 02456, 24567, and 024567 are placed above the base 6-dot cell, instead of below, as in standard 8-dot braille.

Character information
Preview
Unicode name	BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-3568		BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-13568		BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-34568		BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-134568
Encodings	decimal	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex
Unicode	10420	U+28B4	10421	U+28B5	10428	U+28BC	10429	U+28BD
UTF-8	226 162 180	E2 A2 B4	226 162 181	E2 A2 B5	226 162 188	E2 A2 BC	226 162 189	E2 A2 BD
Numeric character reference	⢴	⢴	⢵	⢵	⢼	⢼	⢽	⢽

Kantenji using braille patterns 3568, 13568, 34568, or 134568

This listing includes kantenji using Braille pattern dots-2456 for all 6349 kanji found in JIS C 6226-1978.

- 馬

Variants and thematic compounds

- selector 1 + そ/馬 = 曹
- selector 2 + そ/馬 = 遂
- selector 3 + そ/馬 = 曾
- selector 4 + そ/馬 = 曽
- - selector 4 + selector 4 + そ/馬 = 彖
- selector 5 + そ/馬 = 且
- selector 6 + そ/馬 = 丑
- - selector 6 + selector 6 + そ/馬 = 豕
- そ/馬 + selector 1 = 牛
- そ/馬 + selector 2 = 羊
- そ/馬 + selector 3 = 豚
- そ/馬 + selector 4 = 午
- そ/馬 + selector 5 = 駒
- そ/馬 + selector 6 = 象
- - そ/馬 + selector 6 + selector 6 = 豸
- 比 + そ/馬 = 小
- そ/馬 + う/宀/#3 = 兎
- そ/馬 + 比 = 鹿

Compounds of 馬

- そ/馬 + ち/竹 = 馳
- そ/馬 + く/艹 = 馴
- そ/馬 + ゑ/訁 = 駁
- そ/馬 + た/⽥ = 駅
- - そ/馬 + そ/馬 + た/⽥ = 驛
- そ/馬 + も/門 = 駆
- - そ/馬 + そ/馬 + も/門 = 驅
- そ/馬 + へ/⺩ = 駐
- そ/馬 + え/訁 = 駸
- そ/馬 + か/金 = 騎
- そ/馬 + む/車 = 騒
- - そ/馬 + そ/馬 + む/車 = 騷
- そ/馬 + り/分 = 験
- - そ/馬 + そ/馬 + り/分 = 驗
- ち/竹 + そ/馬 = 篤
- く/艹 + そ/馬 = 薦
- け/犬 + そ/馬 = 駄
- ら/月 + そ/馬 = 騰
- も/門 + そ/馬 = 驚
- そ/馬 + す/発 = 罵
- ふ/女 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 媽
- そ/馬 + 宿 + 心 = 憑
- へ/⺩ + 宿 + そ/馬 = 瑪
- ま/石 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 碼
- に/氵 + う/宀/#3 + そ/馬 = 覊
- も/門 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 闖
- さ/阝 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 隲
- そ/馬 + 宿 + ゑ/訁 = 馭
- 氷/氵 + う/宀/#3 + そ/馬 = 馮
- そ/馬 + 龸 + selector 3 = 馼
- そ/馬 + く/艹 + selector 4 = 駈
- そ/馬 + ふ/女 + ゑ/訁 = 駑
- そ/馬 + ぬ/力 + れ/口 = 駕
- そ/馬 + selector 4 + な/亻 = 駘
- そ/馬 + れ/口 + な/亻 = 駛
- そ/馬 + 宿 + ひ/辶 = 駝
- そ/馬 + 数 + る/忄 = 駟
- そ/馬 + 龸 + と/戸 = 駢
- そ/馬 + selector 5 + ゐ/幺 = 駭
- そ/馬 + 龸 + ち/竹 = 駮
- そ/馬 + す/発 + れ/口 = 駱
- そ/馬 + か/金 + selector 4 = 駲
- そ/馬 + 宿 + か/金 = 駻
- そ/馬 + 宿 + む/車 = 駿
- そ/馬 + た/⽥ + selector 4 = 騁
- そ/馬 + 宿 + い/糹/#2 = 騅
- そ/馬 + selector 4 + き/木 = 騏
- そ/馬 + 宿 + へ/⺩ = 騙
- そ/馬 + れ/口 + れ/口 = 騨
- う/宀/#3 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 騫
- そ/馬 + た/⽥ + ゐ/幺 = 騾
- そ/馬 + 宿 + く/艹 = 驀
- そ/馬 + selector 1 + う/宀/#3 = 驂
- そ/馬 + に/氵 + ね/示 = 驃
- そ/馬 + 宿 + つ/土 = 驍
- そ/馬 + 宿 + の/禾 = 驕
- そ/馬 + み/耳 + ゑ/訁 = 驟
- そ/馬 + 宿 + た/⽥ = 驢
- そ/馬 + 宿 + み/耳 = 驤
- そ/馬 + 宿 + き/木 = 驥
- そ/馬 + 宿 + け/犬 = 驩
- そ/馬 + 囗 + 比 = 驪
- そ/馬 + う/宀/#3 + そ/馬 = 驫

Compounds of 曹

- ひ/辶 + そ/馬 = 遭
- き/木 + selector 1 + そ/馬 = 槽
- の/禾 + selector 1 + そ/馬 = 糟
- ふ/女 + selector 1 + そ/馬 = 艚
- に/氵 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 漕

Compounds of 遂

- そ/馬 + さ/阝 = 隊
- - そ/馬 + つ/土 = 墜
- 火 + selector 2 + そ/馬 = 燧
- さ/阝 + selector 2 + そ/馬 = 隧

Compounds of 曾

- 仁/亻 + そ/馬 = 僧
- と/戸 + そ/馬 = 層
- る/忄 + そ/馬 = 憎
- を/貝 + そ/馬 = 贈
- - れ/口 + を/貝 + そ/馬 = 囎
- れ/口 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 噌
- そ/馬 + selector 6 + か/金 = 甑

Compounds of 曽 and 彖

- つ/土 + そ/馬 = 増

Compounds of 且

- ぬ/力 + そ/馬 = 助
- - 日 + ぬ/力 + そ/馬 = 勗
- - こ/子 + ぬ/力 + そ/馬 = 耡
- - く/艹 + ぬ/力 + そ/馬 = 莇
- - か/金 + ぬ/力 + そ/馬 = 鋤
- う/宀/#3 + そ/馬 = 宜
- - 心 + う/宀/#3 + そ/馬 = 萓
- - え/訁 + う/宀/#3 + そ/馬 = 誼
- た/⽥ + そ/馬 = 畳
- - た/⽥ + た/⽥ + そ/馬 = 疊
- ね/示 + そ/馬 = 祖
- の/禾 + そ/馬 = 租
- い/糹/#2 + そ/馬 = 組
- さ/阝 + そ/馬 = 阻
- そ/馬 + の/禾 = 粗
- な/亻 + selector 5 + そ/馬 = 俎
- れ/口 + selector 5 + そ/馬 = 咀
- ふ/女 + selector 5 + そ/馬 = 姐
- や/疒 + selector 5 + そ/馬 = 岨
- ゆ/彳 + selector 5 + そ/馬 = 徂
- き/木 + selector 5 + そ/馬 = 柤
- に/氵 + selector 5 + そ/馬 = 沮
- め/目 + selector 5 + そ/馬 = 爼
- ま/石 + selector 5 + そ/馬 = 砠
- く/艹 + selector 5 + そ/馬 = 苴
- む/車 + selector 5 + そ/馬 = 蛆
- え/訁 + selector 5 + そ/馬 = 詛
- た/⽥ + 宿 + そ/馬 = 疂
- や/疒 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 疽
- そ/馬 + 宿 + ら/月 = 盖
- そ/馬 + 龸 + ら/月 = 葢
- そ/馬 + ん/止 + の/禾 = 齟

Compounds of 丑 and 豕

- ゐ/幺 + そ/馬 = 縁
- - 心 + ゐ/幺 + そ/馬 = 櫞
- 龸 + そ/馬 = 豪
- - れ/口 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 喙
- - つ/土 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 壕
- - き/木 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 椽
- - に/氵 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 濠
- は/辶 + そ/馬 = 逐
- そ/馬 + ね/示 = 劇
- け/犬 + selector 6 + そ/馬 = 狃
- か/金 + selector 6 + そ/馬 = 鈕
- す/発 + す/発 + そ/馬 = 據
- 日 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 曚
- ら/月 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 朦
- 心 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 檬
- ま/石 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 毅
- 火 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 燹
- め/目 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 矇
- く/艹 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 蒙
- そ/馬 + selector 1 + ⺼ = 衄
- け/犬 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 豢
- ひ/辶 + す/発 + そ/馬 = 遽
- せ/食 + す/発 + そ/馬 = 醵
- る/忄 + selector 3 + そ/馬 = 忸

Compounds of 牛

- な/亻 + そ/馬 = 件
- ろ/十 + そ/馬 = 牽
- 囗 + そ/馬 = 解
- - よ/广 + 囗 + そ/馬 = 廨
- - る/忄 + 囗 + そ/馬 = 懈
- - む/車 + 囗 + そ/馬 = 蟹
- - ひ/辶 + 囗 + そ/馬 = 邂
- え/訁 + そ/馬 = 許
- - に/氵 + え/訁 + そ/馬 = 滸
- そ/馬 + 数 = 物
- - そ/馬 + る/忄 = 惣
- そ/馬 + 氷/氵 = 牧
- そ/馬 + い/糹/#2 = 牲
- そ/馬 + し/巿 = 特
- れ/口 + そ/馬 + selector 1 = 吽
- う/宀/#3 + そ/馬 + selector 1 = 牢
- そ/馬 + selector 1 + ん/止 = 牴
- そ/馬 + そ/馬 + そ/馬 = 犇
- そ/馬 + 宿 + め/目 = 牝
- そ/馬 + 宿 + お/頁 = 牡
- そ/馬 + ら/月 + れ/口 = 牾
- そ/馬 + 宿 + と/戸 = 犀
- そ/馬 + の/禾 + ぬ/力 = 犁
- そ/馬 + の/禾 + selector 1 = 犂
- そ/馬 + 比 + え/訁 = 犒
- そ/馬 + 火 + 火 = 犖
- そ/馬 + つ/土 + を/貝 = 犢
- そ/馬 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 犧
- そ/馬 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 犧

Compounds of 羊

- や/疒 + そ/馬 = 痒
- - や/疒 + そ/馬 + や/疒 = 癢
- む/車 + そ/馬 = 蟻
- ゑ/訁 + そ/馬 = 詳
- み/耳 + そ/馬 = 躾
- せ/食 + そ/馬 = 鮮
- - せ/食 + そ/馬 + や/疒 = 鱶
- - や/疒 + せ/食 + そ/馬 = 癬
- - 心 + せ/食 + そ/馬 = 蘚
- そ/馬 + 囗 = 義
- - そ/馬 + な/亻 = 儀
- - や/疒 + そ/馬 + 囗 = 嶬
- - 日 + そ/馬 + 囗 = 曦
- - ま/石 + そ/馬 + 囗 = 礒
- - ふ/女 + そ/馬 + 囗 = 艤
- そ/馬 + こ/子 = 差
- - れ/口 + そ/馬 + こ/子 = 嗟
- - や/疒 + そ/馬 + こ/子 = 嵯
- - て/扌 + そ/馬 + こ/子 = 搓
- - き/木 + そ/馬 + こ/子 = 槎
- - へ/⺩ + そ/馬 + こ/子 = 瑳
- - ま/石 + そ/馬 + こ/子 = 磋
- - い/糹/#2 + そ/馬 + こ/子 = 縒
- - み/耳 + そ/馬 + こ/子 = 蹉
- そ/馬 + に/氵 = 洋
- そ/馬 + け/犬 = 美
- そ/馬 + ん/止 = 羨
- お/頁 + そ/馬 = 群
- そ/馬 + そ/馬 = 犠
- め/目 + そ/馬 = 着
- き/木 + そ/馬 = 様
- - き/木 + き/木 + そ/馬 = 樣
- そ/馬 + れ/口 = 善
- - そ/馬 + そ/馬 + れ/口 = 譱
- そ/馬 + き/木 = 業
- そ/馬 + や/疒 = 養
- - に/氵 + そ/馬 + や/疒 = 瀁
- な/亻 + そ/馬 + selector 2 = 佯
- む/車 + そ/馬 + selector 2 = 恙
- 囗 + そ/馬 + selector 2 = 觧
- そ/馬 + 宿 + ふ/女 = 姜
- や/疒 + う/宀/#3 + そ/馬 = 嵳
- よ/广 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 庠
- 氷/氵 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 漾
- そ/馬 + 宿 + 宿 = 羌
- そ/馬 + 宿 + こ/子 = 羔
- そ/馬 + 仁/亻 + ろ/十 = 羚
- そ/馬 + 宿 + ん/止 = 羝
- そ/馬 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 羞
- そ/馬 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 羞
- そ/馬 + お/頁 + selector 1 = 羣
- そ/馬 + 宿 + 火 = 羮
- そ/馬 + 宿 + 氷/氵 = 羯
- そ/馬 + の/禾 + ゐ/幺 = 羲
- そ/馬 + 龸 + 囗 = 羶
- ⺼ + 宿 + そ/馬 = 羸
- そ/馬 + 龸 + 火 = 羹
- そ/馬 + む/車 + selector 2 = 翔

Compounds of 豚

- れ/口 + そ/馬 + selector 3 = 啄
- へ/⺩ + そ/馬 + selector 3 = 琢
- ひ/辶 + そ/馬 + selector 3 = 遯

Compounds of 午

- る/忄 + そ/馬 + selector 4 = 忤
- き/木 + そ/馬 + selector 4 = 杵

Compounds of 象 and 豸

- そ/馬 + ひ/辶 = 豹
- そ/馬 + ろ/十 = 豺
- そ/馬 + 日 = 貌
- - く/艹 + そ/馬 + 日 = 藐
- 心 + そ/馬 + selector 6 = 橡
- そ/馬 + selector 6 + く/艹 = 貘
- そ/馬 + 宿 + 比 = 豼
- そ/馬 + ぬ/力 + 囗 = 貂
- そ/馬 + な/亻 + き/木 = 貅
- そ/馬 + 数 + め/目 = 貊
- そ/馬 + 比 + り/分 = 貍
- そ/馬 + こ/子 + 宿 = 貎
- そ/馬 + 龸 + 比 = 貔
- て/扌 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 掾
- ち/竹 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 篆
- む/車 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 蠡

Compounds of 小

- ほ/方 + そ/馬 = 少
- - ふ/女 + そ/馬 = 妙
- - て/扌 + そ/馬 = 抄
- - ん/止 + そ/馬 = 歩
  - - さ/阝 + ん/止 + そ/馬 = 陟
- - 火 + そ/馬 = 炒
- - ま/石 + そ/馬 = 砂
- - 日 + そ/馬 = 秒
- - そ/馬 + ぬ/力 = 劣
- - そ/馬 + め/目 = 省
- - も/門 + ほ/方 + そ/馬 = 尠
- - き/木 + ほ/方 + そ/馬 = 杪
- - め/目 + ほ/方 + そ/馬 = 眇
  - - に/氵 + ほ/方 + そ/馬 = 渺
  - - ゐ/幺 + ほ/方 + そ/馬 = 緲
- - い/糹/#2 + ほ/方 + そ/馬 = 紗
- - か/金 + ほ/方 + そ/馬 = 鈔
- そ/馬 + ⺼ = 肖
- - 宿 + そ/馬 = 宵
- - れ/口 + そ/馬 = 哨
- - に/氵 + そ/馬 = 消
- - そ/馬 + と/戸 = 屑
- - や/疒 + そ/馬 + ⺼ = 峭
- - る/忄 + そ/馬 + ⺼ = 悄
- - き/木 + そ/馬 + ⺼ = 梢
- - の/禾 + そ/馬 + ⺼ = 稍
- - え/訁 + そ/馬 + ⺼ = 誚
- - は/辶 + そ/馬 + ⺼ = 趙
- - ひ/辶 + そ/馬 + ⺼ = 逍
- - か/金 + そ/馬 + ⺼ = 銷
- - ち/竹 + そ/馬 + ⺼ = 霄
- - と/戸 + そ/馬 + ⺼ = 鞘
- - せ/食 + そ/馬 + ⺼ = 鮹
- さ/阝 + 比 + そ/馬 = 隙
- そ/馬 + 数 + り/分 = 尓
- そ/馬 + 比 + け/犬 = 尖

Compounds of 兎

- そ/馬 + そ/馬 + う/宀/#3 = 兔
- 心 + そ/馬 + う/宀/#3 = 莵

Compounds of 鹿

- つ/土 + そ/馬 + 比 = 塵
- に/氵 + そ/馬 + 比 = 漉
- む/車 + そ/馬 + 比 = 轆
- か/金 + そ/馬 + 比 = 鏖
- く/艹 + そ/馬 + 比 = 麁
- へ/⺩ + そ/馬 + 比 = 麈
- の/禾 + そ/馬 + 比 = 麋
- こ/子 + そ/馬 + 比 = 麌
- き/木 + そ/馬 + 比 = 麓
- 囗 + そ/馬 + 比 = 麕
- こ/子 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 麑
- き/木 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 麒
- そ/馬 + み/耳 + し/巿 = 麝
- の/禾 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 麟

Other compounds

- そ/馬 + 宿 = 争
- - 氷/氵 + そ/馬 = 浄
  - - 氷/氵 + 氷/氵 + そ/馬 = 淨
- - そ/馬 + そ/馬 + 宿 = 爭
  - - や/疒 + そ/馬 + 宿 = 崢
  - - ち/竹 + そ/馬 + 宿 = 箏
- - か/金 + そ/馬 + 宿 = 錚
- - ち/竹 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 筝
- す/発 + そ/馬 = 拠
- 心 + そ/馬 = 蘇
- ⺼ + そ/馬 = 衆
- - せ/食 + ⺼ + そ/馬 = 鰥
- そ/馬 + 心 = 慶
- そ/馬 + て/扌 = 挿
- - そ/馬 + そ/馬 + て/扌 = 插
- そ/馬 + ら/月 = 蓋
- そ/馬 + ん/止 + selector 1 = 歃
- の/禾 + ほ/方 + そ/馬 = 穆
- ゑ/訁 + 宿 + そ/馬 = 聚
- 心 + 龸 + そ/馬 = 蘓

^[5] ^[6] ^[7] ^[8]

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "World Braille Usage". UNESCO. Retrieved 2012-04-19..
^ "Introduction to Bharati Braille". Archived from the original on 5 April 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2013.
^ "Index of Topics in Braille Section". Oregon State University Science Access Project Braille topics. Archived from the original on 2012-04-20. Retrieved 2012-04-29.
^ UNESCO (2013). World Braille Usage. Washington, DC: National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-8444-9564-4. Archived from the original on 2014-09-08. Retrieved 2013-12-19.
^ "ロービジョン相談と光学". Retrieved 31 January 2014.
^ "盲人と文字 -漢点字の世界". Retrieved 27 December 2013.
^ "漢点字". Retrieved 27 December 2013.
^ "漢点字入門" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 December 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2013.

[Unesco-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "World Braille Usage". UNESCO. Retrieved 2012-04-19..

[Acharya-2] "Introduction to Bharati Braille". Archived from the original on 5 April 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2013.

[OSU-3] "Index of Topics in Braille Section". Oregon State University Science Access Project Braille topics. Archived from the original on 2012-04-20. Retrieved 2012-04-29.

[World_Braille_3-4] UNESCO (2013). World Braille Usage. Washington, DC: National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-8444-9564-4. Archived from the original on 2014-09-08. Retrieved 2013-12-19.

[technopolis-5] "ロービジョン相談と光学". Retrieved 31 January 2014.

[kantenji-6] "盲人と文字 -漢点字の世界". Retrieved 27 December 2013.

[n-braille-7] "漢点字". Retrieved 27 December 2013.

[taijukai-8] "漢点字入門" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 December 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2013.

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