Camylofin is an antimuscarinic drug.[ 1]
Camylofin is a smooth muscle relaxant with both anticholinergic action and direct smooth muscle action. Anticholinergic action is produced by inhibiting the binding of acetylcholine to muscarinic receptors , but the action is less pronounced. Direct smooth muscle relaxation is achieved by inhibiting phosphodiesterase type IV, which leads to increased cyclic AMP and eventually reduced cytosolic calcium. Thus camylofin has a comprehensive action to relieve smooth muscle spasm . It is used to treat stomach ache in infants and children. Usually it is given in combination with paracetamol to treat stomach ache, as well as pyrexia .[ 2]
Synthesis Synthesis:[ 3] [ 4] Patents:[ 5] [ 6] [ 7] Metamizole salt patents:[ 8] [ 9] [ 10] The Hell–Volhard–Zelinsky halogenation on phenylacetic acid [103-82-2] (1 ) gives 2-Bromo-2-phenylacetyl bromide, CID:15621041 (2 ). Treatment with isoamyl alcohol [123-51-3] gives 3-methylbutyl bromo(phenyl)acetate [92018-48-9] (3 ). Alkylation with N,N-Diethylethylenediamine [100-36-7] (4 ) completed the synthesis of Camylofin (5 ).
References ^ "Camylofin" . PubChem . Retrieved 2019-06-02 . ^ Sarbhjit K, Bajwa SK, Parmjit K, Surinder B (September 2013). "To compare the effect of camylofin dihydrochloride (anafortin) with combination of valethamate bromide (epidosin) and hyoscine butyl-N-bormide (buscopan) on cervical dilation" . Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research . 7 (9): 1897– 9. doi :10.7860/JCDR/2013/6231.3345 . PMC 3809631 . PMID 24179892 . ^ Bruzzese, Tiberio; Crescenzi, Elda (1966). "N-Aminoalkyl-α-aminoacids and Their Corresponding Ethyl Esters". Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 55 (7): 737–740. doi:10.1002/jps.2600550717. ^ Szarvasi, E. et al, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1957, 1019. ^ Brock Norbert, Kuhas Engelbert, & Schmeisser Martin, U.S. patent 2,665,300 (1954 to Asta Medica AG). ^ Martin Dr-Chem Schmeisser, Engelbert Dr Phil Kuehas, Norbert Dr Med Brock, DE842206 (1952 to Asta Werke Ag Chem Fab). ^ , GB688331 (1953 to Asta Medica AG). ^ , GB782068 (1957 to Asta Medica AG). ^ Kuhas Engelbert, Brock Norbert, & Arnold Herbert, CA566251 (1958 to Asta Medica AG). ^ Arnold Herbert, Kuhas Engelbert, & Brock Norbert, U.S. patent 2,857,395 (1958).
mAChRs Tooltip Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors
Agonists Antagonists 3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate 4-DAMP Aclidinium bromide (+formoterol ) Abediterol AF-DX 250 AF-DX 384 Ambutonium bromide Anisodamine Anisodine Antihistamines (first-generation) (e.g., brompheniramine , buclizine , captodiame , chlorphenamine (chlorpheniramine) , cinnarizine , clemastine , cyproheptadine , dimenhydrinate , dimetindene , diphenhydramine , doxylamine , meclizine , mequitazine , perlapine , phenindamine , pheniramine , phenyltoloxamine , promethazine , propiomazine , triprolidine ) AQ-RA 741 Atropine Atropine methonitrate Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., clozapine , fluperlapine , olanzapine (+fluoxetine ), rilapine, quetiapine , tenilapine , zotepine ) Benactyzine Benzatropine (benztropine) Benzilone Benzilylcholine mustard Benzydamine Bevonium BIBN 99 Biperiden Bornaprine CAR-226,086 CAR-301,060 CAR-302,196 CAR-302,282 CAR-302,368 CAR-302,537 CAR-302,668 Caramiphen Cimetropium bromide Clidinium bromide Cloperastine CS-27349 Cyclobenzaprine Cyclopentolate Darifenacin DAU-5884 Desfesoterodine Dexetimide DIBD Dicycloverine (dicyclomine) Dihexyverine Difemerine Diphemanil metilsulfate Ditran Drofenine EA-3167 EA-3443 EA-3580 EA-3834 Emepronium bromide Etanautine Etybenzatropine (ethybenztropine) Fenpiverinium Fentonium bromide Fesoterodine Flavoxate Glycopyrronium bromide (+beclometasone/formoterol , +indacaterol , +neostigmine ) Hexahydrodifenidol Hexahydrosiladifenidol Hexbutinol Hexocyclium Himbacine HL-031,120 Homatropine Imidafenacin Ipratropium bromide (+salbutamol ) Isopropamide J-104,129 Hyoscyamine Mamba toxin 3 Mamba toxin 7 Mazaticol Mebeverine Meladrazine Mepenzolate Methantheline Methoctramine Methylatropine Methylhomatropine Methylscopolamine Metixene Muscarinic toxin 7 N-Ethyl-3-piperidyl benzilate N-Methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate Nefopam Octatropine methylbromide (anisotropine methylbromide) Orphenadrine Otenzepad (AF-DX 116) Otilonium bromide Oxapium iodide Oxitropium bromide Oxybutynin Oxyphencyclimine Oxyphenonium bromide PBID PD-102,807 PD-0298029 Penthienate Pethidine pFHHSiD Phenglutarimide Phenyltoloxamine Pipenzolate bromide Piperidolate Pirenzepine Piroheptine Pizotifen Poldine Pridinol Prifinium bromide Procyclidine Profenamine (ethopropazine) Propantheline bromide Propiverine Quinidine 3-Quinuclidinyl thiochromane-4-carboxylate Revefenacin Rociverine RU-47,213 SCH-57,790 SCH-72,788 SCH-217,443 Scopolamine (hyoscine) Scopolamine butylbromide (hyoscine butylbromide) Silahexacyclium Sofpironium bromide Solifenacin SSRIs Tooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (e.g., femoxetine , paroxetine ) Telenzepine Terodiline Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., amoxapine , maprotiline , mianserin , mirtazapine ) Tiemonium iodide Timepidium bromide Tiotropium bromide Tiquizium bromide Tofenacin Tolterodine Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline (+perphenazine ), amitriptylinoxide , butriptyline , cidoxepin , clomipramine , desipramine , desmethyldesipramine, dibenzepin , dosulepin (dothiepin) , doxepin , imipramine , lofepramine , nitroxazepine , northiaden (desmethyldosulepin) , nortriptyline , protriptyline , quinupramine , trimipramine ) Tridihexethyl Trihexyphenidyl Trimebutine Tripitamine (tripitramine) Tropacine Tropatepine Tropicamide Tropine benzilate Trospium chloride Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine , chlorprothixene , cyamemazine (cyamepromazine) , loxapine , mesoridazine , thioridazine ) Umeclidinium bromide (+vilanterol ) WIN-2299 Xanomeline Zamifenacin
Precursors (and prodrugs ) See also Receptor/signaling modulators Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators Acetylcholine metabolism/transport modulators